CBSE EXAM CLASS 12TH LATEST UPDATE

Finally, wait is over and Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) has announced class 12 Board exams date. This year class 12th board exam will be started from 15 February 2025 and will last upto 04 April 2025, it will take around 49 days to complete the class 12th board exam. The first exam will be held on 15 February 2025 for Entrepreneurship (Including Vocational Students) subject and the last exam will be held on 04 April 2025 for Psychology subject. The practical exams/Internal Assesment/Projects & the board's annual theory examinations are scheduled to start w.e.f 01th January 2025 and 15th February 2025.

OFFICIAL SYLLABUS

Unit I: Reproduction

Chapter 1: Reproduction in Organisms

Reproduction is a characteristic feature of all organisms for the continuation of species; modes of reproduction - asexual and sexual reproduction; asexual reproduction- binary fission, Sporulation, budding, gemmule formation, fragmentation; vegetative propagation in plants.

Chapter 2: Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Flower structure; development of male and female gametophytes; pollination types, agencies, and examples; out breeding devices; pollen-pistil interaction; double fertilization; post-fertilization events development of endosperm and embryo, development of seed and formation of fruit; special modes -apomixis, parthenocarpy, polyembryony; Significance of seed dispersal and fruit formation.

Chapter 3: Human Reproduction

Male and female reproductive systems; microscopic anatomy of testis and ovary; gametogenesis -spermatogenesis and oogenesis; menstrual cycle; fertilization, embryo development up to blastocyst formation, implantation; pregnancy and placenta formation (elementary idea); parturition (elementary idea); lactation (elementary idea).

Chapter 4: Reproductive Health

Need for reproductive health and prevention of Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs); birth control-need and methods, contraception and medical termination of pregnancy (MTP); amniocentesis; infertility and assisted reproductive technologies-IVF, ZIFT, GIFT (Elementary idea for general awareness).

Unit II: Genetics and Evolution

Chapter 5: Principles of Inheritance and Variation

Heredity and variation: Mendelian inheritance; deviations from Mendelism–incomplete dominance, co-dominance, multiple alleles and inheritance of blood groups, pleiotropy; elementary idea of polygenic inheritance;  chromosome theory of inheritance; chromosomes and genes; Sex determination in human beings, birds, and honey bee; linkage and crossing over; sex-linked inheritance-hemophilia, color blindness; Mendelian disorders in humans-thalassemia; chromosomal disorders in humans; Down's syndrome, Turner's and Klinefelter's syndromes.

Chapter 6: Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Search for genetic material and DNA as genetic material; Structure of DNA and RNA; DNA packaging; DNA replication; Central Dogma; transcription, genetic code, translation; gene expression and regulation-lac operon; Genome, Human and rice genome projects; DNA fingerprinting.

Chapter 7: Evolution

Origin of life; biological evolution and evidence for biological evolution (paleontology, comparative anatomy, embryology, and molecular evidence); Darwin's contribution, modern synthetic theory of evolution; mechanism of evolution-variation (mutation and recombination), and natural selection with examples, types of natural selection; Gene flow and genetic drift; Hardy-Weinberg's principle; adaptive radiation; human evolution.

Unit III: Biology and Human Welfare

Chapter 8: Human Health and Diseases

Pathogens; parasites causing human diseases (malaria, dengue, chikungunya, filariasis, ascariasis, typhoid, pneumonia, common cold, amoebiasis, ring worm) and their control; Basic concepts of immunology-vaccines; cancer, HIV and AIDS; Adolescence-drug and alcohol abuse.

Chapter 9: Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production

CBSE EXAM CLASS 12TH LATEST UPDATE

Finally, wait is over and Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) has announced class 12 Board exams date. This year class 12th board exam will be started from 15 February 2025 and will last upto 04 April 2025, it will take around 49 days to complete the class 12th board exam. The first exam will be held on 15 February 2025 for Entrepreneurship (Including Vocational Students) subject and the last exam will be held on 04 April 2025 for Psychology subject. The practical exams/Internal Assesment/Projects & the board's annual theory examinations are scheduled to start w.e.f 01th January 2025 and 15th February 2025.

OFFICIAL SYLLABUS

Unit I: Reproduction

Chapter 1: Reproduction in Organisms

Reproduction is a characteristic feature of all organisms for the continuation of species; modes of reproduction - asexual and sexual reproduction; asexual reproduction- binary fission, Sporulation, budding, gemmule formation, fragmentation; vegetative propagation in plants.

Chapter 2: Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Flower structure; development of male and female gametophytes; pollination types, agencies, and examples; out breeding devices; pollen-pistil interaction; double fertilization; post-fertilization events development of endosperm and embryo, development of seed and formation of fruit; special modes -apomixis, parthenocarpy, polyembryony; Significance of seed dispersal and fruit formation.

Chapter 3: Human Reproduction

Male and female reproductive systems; microscopic anatomy of testis and ovary; gametogenesis -spermatogenesis and oogenesis; menstrual cycle; fertilization, embryo development up to blastocyst formation, implantation; pregnancy and placenta formation (elementary idea); parturition (elementary idea); lactation (elementary idea).

Chapter 4: Reproductive Health

Need for reproductive health and prevention of Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs); birth control-need and methods, contraception and medical termination of pregnancy (MTP); amniocentesis; infertility and assisted reproductive technologies-IVF, ZIFT, GIFT (Elementary idea for general awareness).

Unit II: Genetics and Evolution

Chapter 5: Principles of Inheritance and Variation

Heredity and variation: Mendelian inheritance; deviations from Mendelism–incomplete dominance, co-dominance, multiple alleles and inheritance of blood groups, pleiotropy; elementary idea of polygenic inheritance;  chromosome theory of inheritance; chromosomes and genes; Sex determination in human beings, birds, and honey bee; linkage and crossing over; sex-linked inheritance-hemophilia, color blindness; Mendelian disorders in humans-thalassemia; chromosomal disorders in humans; Down's syndrome, Turner's and Klinefelter's syndromes.

Chapter 6: Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Search for genetic material and DNA as genetic material; Structure of DNA and RNA; DNA packaging; DNA replication; Central Dogma; transcription, genetic code, translation; gene expression and regulation-lac operon; Genome, Human and rice genome projects; DNA fingerprinting.

Chapter 7: Evolution

Origin of life; biological evolution and evidence for biological evolution (paleontology, comparative anatomy, embryology, and molecular evidence); Darwin's contribution, modern synthetic theory of evolution; mechanism of evolution-variation (mutation and recombination), and natural selection with examples, types of natural selection; Gene flow and genetic drift; Hardy-Weinberg's principle; adaptive radiation; human evolution.

Unit III: Biology and Human Welfare

Chapter 8: Human Health and Diseases

Pathogens; parasites causing human diseases (malaria, dengue, chikungunya, filariasis, ascariasis, typhoid, pneumonia, common cold, amoebiasis, ring worm) and their control; Basic concepts of immunology-vaccines; cancer, HIV and AIDS; Adolescence-drug and alcohol abuse.

Chapter 9: Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production

Animal husbandry, Plants breeding, tissue culture, single cell protein.

Chapter 10: Microbes in Human Welfare

Microbes in food processing, industrial production, sewage treatment, energy generation, and microbes as bio-control agents and bio-fertilizers.Antibiotics; production and judicious use.

Unit IV: Biotechnology and its Applications

Chapter 11: Biotechnology-Principles and Processes

Genetic Engineering (Recombinant DNA Technology).

Chapter 12: Biotechnology and its Application

Application of biotechnology in health and agriculture: Human insulin and vaccine production, stem cell technology, gene therapy; genetically modified organisms -Bt crops; transgenic animals; biosafety issues, bio-piracy, and patents.

Unit V: Ecology and Environment

Chapter 13: Organisms and Populations

Organisms and environment: Habitat and niche, population and ecological adaptations; population interactions-mutualism, competition, predation, parasitism; population attributes-growth, birth rate and death rate, age distribution.

Chapter 14: Ecosystem

Ecosystems: Patterns, components; productivity and decomposition; energy flow; pyramids of number, biomass, energy; nutrient cycles (carbon and phosphorous); ecological succession; ecological services-carbon fixation, pollination, seed dispersal, oxygen release (in brief).

Chapter 15: Biodiversity and its Conservation

Biodiversity-Concept, patterns, importance; loss of biodiversity; biodiversity conservation; hotspots, endangered organisms, extinction, Red Data Book, Sacred Groves, biosphere reserves, national parks, wildlife, sanctuaries, and Ramsar sites.

Chapter 16: Environmental Issues

Air pollution and its control; water pollution and its control; agrochemicals and their effects; solid waste management; radioactive waste management; greenhouse effect and climate change impact and mitigation; ozone layer depletion; deforestation; case study exemplifying success story addressing the environmental issue(s).

PRACTICALS

Time allowed: 3 Hours

Max. Marks: 30

A. List of Experiments

1. Prepare a temporary mount to observe pollen germination.

2. Collect and study soil from at least two different sites and study them for texture, moisture content, pH, and water-holding capacity. Correlate with the kinds of plants found in them.

3. Collect water from two different water bodies around you and study them for pH, clarity, and presence of any living organism.

4. Study the presence of suspended particulate matter in the air at two widely different sites.

5. Study the plant population density by quadrat method.

6. Study the plant population frequency by quadrat method.

7. Prepare a temporary mount of the onion root tip to study mitosis.

8. Study the effect of different temperatures and three different pH on the activity of salivary amylase on starch.

9. Isolate DNA from available plant material such as spinach, green pea seeds, papaya, etc.

B. Study/observation of the following (Spotting)

1. Flowers adapted to pollination by different agencies (wind, insects, birds).

2. Pollen germination on stigma through a permanent slide or scanning electron micrograph.

3. Identification of stages of gamete development, i.e., T.S. of testis and T.S. of ovary through permanent slides (from grasshopper/mice).

4. Meiosis in onion bud cells or grasshopper testis through permanent slides.

5. T.S. of blastula through permanent slides (Mammalian).

6. Mendelian inheritance using seeds of different colors/sizes of any plant.

7. Prepared pedigree charts of any one of the genetic traits such as rolling of tongue, blood groups, ear lobes, widow's peak, and colorblindness.

8. Controlled pollination - emasculation, tagging, and bagging.

9. Common disease-causing organisms like Ascaris, Entamoeba, Plasmodium, and any fungus-causing ringworm through permanent slides, models, or virtual images. Comment on symptoms of diseases that they cause.

10. Two plants and two animals (models/virtual images) found in xeric conditions. Comment upon their morphological adaptations.

11. Two plants and two animals (models/virtual images) found in aquatic conditions. Comment upon their morphological adaptations.

Prescribed Books:

1. Biology, Class-XII, Published by NCERT

2. Other related books and manuals brought out by NCERT (including multimedia)

3. Biology Supplementary Material (Revised). Available on the CBSE website.

TO KNOW MORE

For Official Website: click here

For Time Table: click here

For Practical & Projects Circulars: click here

CBSE EXAM CLASS 12TH LATEST UPDATE

Finally, wait is over and Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) has announced class 12 Board exams date. This year class 12th board exam will be started from 15 February 2025 and will last upto 04 April 2025, it will take around 49 days to complete the class 12th board exam. The first exam will be held on 15 February 2025 for Entrepreneurship (Including Vocational Students) subject and the last exam will be held on 04 April 2025 for Psychology subject. The practical exams/Internal Assesment/Projects & the board's annual theory examinations are scheduled to start w.e.f 01th January 2025 and 15th February 2025.

TIME TABLE - BIOLOGY

TIME TABLE - ALL SUBJECTS

CBSE EXAM CLASS 12TH LATEST UPDATE

Finally, wait is over and Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) has announced class 12 Board exams date. This year class 12th board exam will be started from 15 February 2025 and will last upto 04 April 2025, it will take around 49 days to complete the class 12th board exam. The first exam will be held on 15 February 2025 for Entrepreneurship (Including Vocational Students) subject and the last exam will be held on 04 April 2025 for Psychology subject. The practical exams/Internal Assesment/Projects & the board's annual theory examinations are scheduled to start w.e.f 01th January 2025 and 15th February 2025.

TIME TABLE - BIOLOGY

TIME TABLE - ALL SUBJECTS

TO KNOW MORE

For Official Website: click here

For Time Table: click here

For Practical & Projects Circulars: click here

CBSE EXAM CLASS 12TH LATEST UPDATE

Finally, wait is over and Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) has announced class 12 Board exams date. This year class 12th board exam will be started from 15 February 2025 and will last upto 04 April 2025, it will take around 49 days to complete the class 12th board exam. The first exam will be held on 15 February 2025 for Entrepreneurship (Including Vocational Students) subject and the last exam will be held on 04 April 2025 for Psychology subject. The practical exams/Internal Assesment/Projects & the board's annual theory examinations are scheduled to start w.e.f 01th January 2025 and 15th February 2025.

CBSE Biology Analysis 2022

CBSE Class 12 Term 2 Biology paper 2022 was conducted May 30, 2022. The Biology exam was 'scoring'. The paper was easy and not lengthy at all. Students were able to solve the paper on time. The long answer type questions were different but straight-forward.

1. This question paper contains 60 questions, out of which 50 questions are to be attempted. All questions carry equal marks.

2. The question paper consists of three Sections-Section A, B and C.

3. Section A consists of 24 questions, attempt any 20 questions from any 20 questions Q. No. 1 to 24.

4. Section B also consists of 24 questions, attempt any 20 questions from Q. No. 25 to 48.

5. Section C consists of 12 questions. Attempt any 10 questions from Q. No. 49 to 60.

6. There is only one correct option for every Multiple Choice Question (MCQ), Marks will not be awarded for answering more than one option.

7. All questions carry equal marks. There is no negative marking.

Major Highlights

1. The difficulty level of the CBSE Biology paper 2022: Easy to moderate

2. The exam pattern and difficulty level were similar as that of CBSE sample paper.

3. The question paper is balanced and student's friendly paper which is a perfect mix of analysis, application and memory-based questions.

4. There was nothing out of the prescribed CBSE syllabus. All the questions asked were straight from the NCERT books

5. All the questions in the paper were asked from the latest CBSE syllabus.

CBSE Biology Analysis, 2020

Analysis has been done of the paper which was conducted in 2020.

Paper Pattern

Marks Distribution Chapter-wise  

CBSE EXAM CLASS 12TH LATEST UPDATE

Finally, wait is over and Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) has announced class 12 Board exams date. This year class 12th board exam will be started from 15 February 2025 and will last upto 04 April 2025, it will take around 49 days to complete the class 12th board exam. The first exam will be held on 15 February 2025 for Entrepreneurship (Including Vocational Students) subject and the last exam will be held on 04 April 2025 for Psychology subject. The practical exams/Internal Assesment/Projects & the board's annual theory examinations are scheduled to start w.e.f 01th January 2025 and 15th February 2025.

CBSE Biology Analysis 2022

CBSE Class 12 Term 2 Biology paper 2022 was conducted May 30, 2022. The Biology exam was 'scoring'. The paper was easy and not lengthy at all. Students were able to solve the paper on time. The long answer type questions were different but straight-forward.

1. This question paper contains 60 questions, out of which 50 questions are to be attempted. All questions carry equal marks.

2. The question paper consists of three Sections-Section A, B and C.

3. Section A consists of 24 questions, attempt any 20 questions from any 20 questions Q. No. 1 to 24.

4. Section B also consists of 24 questions, attempt any 20 questions from Q. No. 25 to 48.

5. Section C consists of 12 questions. Attempt any 10 questions from Q. No. 49 to 60.

6. There is only one correct option for every Multiple Choice Question (MCQ), Marks will not be awarded for answering more than one option.

7. All questions carry equal marks. There is no negative marking.

Major Highlights

1. The difficulty level of the CBSE Biology paper 2022: Easy to moderate

2. The exam pattern and difficulty level were similar as that of CBSE sample paper.

3. The question paper is balanced and student's friendly paper which is a perfect mix of analysis, application and memory-based questions.

4. There was nothing out of the prescribed CBSE syllabus. All the questions asked were straight from the NCERT books

5. All the questions in the paper were asked from the latest CBSE syllabus.

CBSE Biology Analysis, 2020

Analysis has been done of the paper which was conducted in 2020.

Paper Pattern

Marks Distribution Chapter-wise  

Paper Analysis 

The Biology paper was neither too easy nor too hard. It was a balanced paper, although few questions were asked in a twisted way. Maximum Questions were asked from the unit Genetic and Evolution. Diagram-based questions were also asked. The Overall paper was good and scoring.

Major Highlights

1. The difficulty level of the CBSE Biology paper 2020: Moderate

2. The pattern of the CBSE Class 12 Biology paper was similar to the latest CBSE Class 12 Biology Sample Paper 2020 (Issued by CBSE)

3. All the questions in the paper were asked from the latest CBSE syllabus and based on NCERT textbooks

4. The average range of expected marks was 50+ (out of 70).

CBSE XII Analysis From Other Resources

CBSE EXAM CLASS 12TH LATEST UPDATE

Finally, wait is over and Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) has announced class 12 Board exams date. This year class 12th board exam will be started from 15 February 2025 and will last upto 04 April 2025, it will take around 49 days to complete the class 12th board exam. The first exam will be held on 15 February 2025 for Entrepreneurship (Including Vocational Students) subject and the last exam will be held on 04 April 2025 for Psychology subject. The practical exams/Internal Assesment/Projects & the board's annual theory examinations are scheduled to start w.e.f 01th January 2025 and 15th February 2025.

KEY HIGHLIGHTS OF THE BOARD EXAM

This Year exam will be conducted for the following subject codes & their subjects:

CBSE EXAM CLASS 12TH LATEST UPDATE

Finally, wait is over and Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) has announced class 12 Board exams date. This year class 12th board exam will be started from 15 February 2025 and will last upto 04 April 2025, it will take around 49 days to complete the class 12th board exam. The first exam will be held on 15 February 2025 for Entrepreneurship (Including Vocational Students) subject and the last exam will be held on 04 April 2025 for Psychology subject. The practical exams/Internal Assesment/Projects & the board's annual theory examinations are scheduled to start w.e.f 01th January 2025 and 15th February 2025.

KEY HIGHLIGHTS OF THE BOARD EXAM

This Year exam will be conducted for the following subject codes & their subjects:

IMPORTANT INSTRUCTIONS

1. All students are required to reach at their exam centres by 9:30 AM in the morning sharp.

2. The practical exams/Internal Assesment/Projects are scheduled to start w.e.f  01th January 2025 and 15th February 2025.

3. Maximum marks allotted to each subjects is 100 with marks distribution among theory, practical, project and Internal assessment components.

HOW TO CHECK TIME TABLE

Students who are planning to appear for the CBSE Class 12th exam can download their complete timetable by following these simple steps:

Step 1: Go to the official website of the Central Board of Secondary Education at www.cbse.gov.in

Step 2: On the homepage, find and click on the link for “CBSE Class 12th Time Table”

Step 3: A new page will open displaying the CBSE exam date sheet in PDF format.

Step 4: Carefully review the date sheet to get all the necessary details regarding the CBSE exam.

Step 5: Download and save the timetable. It is also recommended to take a printout for future reference.

TO KNOW MORE

For Official Website: click here

For Time Table: click here

For Practical & Projects Circulars: click here