Section1: Events and Processes
1. The Rise of Nationalism in Europe

• The French Revolution and the Idea of the Nation
• The Making of Nationalism in Europe
• The Age of Revolutions: 1830-1848
• The Making of Germany and Italy
• Visualizing the Nation
• Nationalism and Imperialism

• Enable the learners to identify and comprehend the forms in which nationalism developed along with the formation of nation-states in Europe in the post-1830 period.
• Establish the relationship and bring out the difference between European nationalism and anti-colonial nationalism.
• Understand the way the idea of nationalism emerged and led to the formation of nation-states in Europe and elsewhere.

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Section1: Events and Processes
1. The Rise of Nationalism in Europe

• The French Revolution and the Idea of the Nation
• The Making of Nationalism in Europe
• The Age of Revolutions: 1830-1848
• The Making of Germany and Italy
• Visualizing the Nation
• Nationalism and Imperialism

• Enable the learners to identify and comprehend the forms in which nationalism developed along with the formation of nation-states in Europe in the post-1830 period.
• Establish the relationship and bring out the difference between European nationalism and anti-colonial nationalism.
• Understand the way the idea of nationalism emerged and led to the formation of nation-states in Europe and elsewhere.

2. Nationalism in India

• The First World War, Khilafat, and Non-Cooperation
• Differing Strands within the Movement
• Towards Civil Disobedience
• The Sense of Collective Belonging

• Recognize the characteristics of Indian nationalism through a case study of the Non-Cooperation and Civil Disobedience Movement.
• Analyze the nature of the diverse social movements of the time. Familiarize yourself with the writings and ideals of different political groups and individuals.
• Appreciate the ideas promoting Pan-Indian belongingness.

Section2: Livelihoods, Economies and
Societies: Any one theme of the following:

3. The Making of a Global World

• The Pre-modern world
• The Nineteenth Century(1815-1914)
• The Inter-war Economy
• Rebuilding a World Economy: The Post-War Era

• Show that globalization has a long history and point to the shifts within the process.
• Analyze the implication of globalization for local economies.
• Discuss how globalization is experienced differently by different social groups.

4. The Age of Industrialization

• Before the Industrial Revolution
• Hand Labour and Steam Power
• Industrialization in the colonies
• Factories Come Up
• The Peculiarities of Industrial Growth
• Market for Goods

• Familiarize yourself with the Pro-to Industrial phase and Early–factory system.
• Familiarize yourself with the process of industrialization and its impact on the labor class.
• Enable them to understand industrialization in the colonies with reference to Textile industries.

Section 3: Everyday Life, Culture and
Politics
5. Print Culture and the Modern World

• The First Printed Books
• Print Comes to Europe
• The Print Revolution and its Impact
• The Reading Mania
• The Nineteenth Century
• India and the World of Print
• Religious Reform and Public Debates
• New Forms of Publication
• Print and Censorship

• Identify the link between print culture and the circulation of ideas.
• Familiarize yourself with pictures, cartoons, extracts from propaganda literature, and newspaper debates on important events and issues in the past.
• Understand that forms of writing have a specific history and that they reflect historical changes within society and shape the forces of change.

1. Resources and Development

• Types of Resources
• Development of Resources
• Resource Planning in India
• Land Resources
• Land Utilization
• Land Use Pattern in India
• Land Degradation and Conservation Measures
• Soil as a Resource
• Classification of Soils
• Soil Erosion and Soil Conservation

• Under the value of resources and the need for the judicious utilization and conservation

2. Forest and Wildlife

• Biodiversity or Biological Diversity
• Flora and Fauna in India
• Vanishing Forests
• Asiatic Cheetah: Where did they go?
• The Himalayan Yew in trouble
• Conservation of forest and wildlife in India
• Project Tiger
• Types and distribution of forests and wildlife resources
• Community and Conservation

• Understand the importance of biodiversity with regard to flora and fauna in India.
• Analyze the importance of the conservation of forests and wildlife.

3. Water Resources

• Water Scarcity and The Need for Water Conservation and Management
• Multi-Purpose River Projects and Integrated Water Resources Management
• Rainwater Harvesting

• Comprehend the importance of water as a resource as well as develop awareness towards its judicious use and conservation.

4. Agriculture

• Types of farming
• Cropping Pattern
• Major Crops
• Technological and Institutional Reforms
• Impact of Globalization on Agriculture

• Explain the importance of agriculture in the national economy.
• Identify various types of farming and discuss the various farming methods; describe the spatial distribution of major crops as well as understand the relationship between rainfall regimes and cropping pattern.
• Explain various government policies for institutional as well as technological reforms since independence.

5. Minerals and Energy Resources

• What is a mineral?
• Mode of occurrence of Minerals
• Ferrons and Non-Ferrons Minerals
• Non-Metallic Minerals
• Rock Minerals
• Conservation of Minerals
• Energy Resources

1. Conventional and Non-Conventional
2. Conservation of Energy Resources

• Identify different types of minerals and energy resources and places of their availability
• Feel the need for their judicious utilization

6. Manufacturing Industries

• Importance of Manufacturing
• Contribution of Industry to the National Economy
• Industrial Location
• Classification of Industries
• Spatial distribution
• Industrial pollution and environmental degradation
• Control of Environmental Degradation

• Bring out the importance of industries in the national economy as well as understand the regional disparities which resulted due to the concentration of industries in some areas.
• Discuss the need for planned industrial development and debate over the role of government towards sustainable development.

7. LifeLines of National Economy

• Transport–Roadways, Railways, Pipelines, Waterways, Airways
• Communication
• International Trade
• Tourism as a Trade

• Explain the importance of transport and communication in the ever-shrinking world.
• Understand the role of trade and tourism in the economic development of a country.

1. Power Sharing

• Case Studies of Belgium and Sri Lanka
• Why Power Sharing is desirable?
• Forms of Power Sharing

• Familiarize yourself with the centrality of Power Sharing in a democracy.
• Understand the working of spatial and social Power Sharing mechanisms.

2. Federalism

• What is Federalism?
• What makes India a Federal Country?
• How is Federalism practiced?
• Decentralization in India

• Analyse federal provisions and institutions.
• Explain decentralization in rural and urban areas.

3. Democracy and Diversity

• Case Studies of Mexico
• Differences, similarities, and divisions
• Politics of social divisions

• Analyze the relationship between social cleavages and political competition with reference to the Indian situation.

4. Gender, Religion, and Caste

• Gender and Politics
• Religion, Communalism, and Politics
• Caste and Politics

• Identify and analyze the challenges posed by communalism to Indian democracy.
• Recognize the enabling and disabling effects of caste and ethnicity in politics.
• Develop a gender perspective on politics.

5. Popular Struggles and Movements

• Popular Struggles in Nepal and Bolivia
• Mobilization and Organization
• Pressure Groups and Movements

• Understand the vital role of people’s struggle in the expansion of democracy.

6. Political Parties

• Why do we need Political Parties?
• How many Parties should we have?
• National Political Parties
• State Parties
• Challenges to Political Parties
• How can Parties be reformed?

• Analyse party systems in democracies.
• Introduction to major political parties, challenges faced by them, and reforms in the country.

7. Outcomes of Democracy

• How do we assess democracy’s outcomes?
• Accountable, responsive, and legitimate government
• Economic growth and development
• Reduction of inequality and poverty
• Accommodation of social diversity
• Dignity and freedom of the citizens

• Evaluate the functioning of democracies in comparison to alternative forms of governments.
• Understand the causes for the continuation of democracy in India.
• Distinguish between sources of strengths and weaknesses of Indian democracy.

8. Challenges to Democracy

• Thinking about challenges
• Thinking about Political Reforms
• Redefining democracy

• Reflect on the different kinds of measures possible to deepen democracy.
• Promote active and participatory citizenship.

1. Development

• What Development Promises-Different people have different goals
• Income and other goals
• National Development
• How to compare different countries or states?
• Income and other criteria
• Public Facilities
• Sustainability of development

• Familiarize with concepts of macroeconomics.
• Understand the rationale for overall human development in our country, which includes the rise of income, and improvements in health and education rather than income.
• Understand the importance of quality of life and sustainable development.

2. Sectors of the Indian Economy

• Sectors of Economic Activities
• Comparing the three sectors
• Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary Sectors in India
• Division of sectors as organized and unorganized
• Sectors in terms of ownership: Public and Private Sectors

• Identify major employment-generating sectors.
• Reason out the government investment in different sectors of the economy.

3. Money and Credit

• Money as a medium of exchange
• Modern forms of money
• Loan activities of Banks
• Two different credit situations
• Terms of credit
• Formal sector credit in India
• Self-Help Groups for the Poor

• Understand money as an economic concept.
• Understand the role of financial institutions from the point of view of day-to-day life.

4. Globalization and the Indian Economy

• Production across countries
• Interlinking production across countries
• Foreign Trade and integration of markets
• What is globalization?
• Factors that have enabled Globalisation
• World Trade Organisation
• Impact of Globalization on India
• The Struggle for a fair Globalisation

• Explain the working of the Global Economic phenomenon.

• Gets familiarized with the rights and duties as a consumer; and legal measures available to protect from being exploited in markets.