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The Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) conducts the Combined Defence Services (CDS) examination twice a year. Candidates who successfully clear this prestigious exam are selected for officer training in the Indian Military Academy (IMA), Indian Naval Academy (INA), Air Force Academy (AFA), and Officer Training Academy (OTA).

The selection process includes a written examination, followed by the Services Selection Board (SSB) interview, medical examination, and final merit list preparation. The written test is objective in nature and consists of sections such as English, General Knowledge, and Mathematics (Mathematics is not required for OTA).

With the CDS 2 2026 notification now released, aspirants should clearly understand the syllabus and exam structure before beginning their preparation. A proper grasp of the subject-wise syllabus helps candidates plan effectively and focus on important areas.

CDS 2026 Key Highlights

The CDS exam is a national-level competitive examination conducted every year, usually in April and September. It is held in offline mode using pen and paper. Below is a brief overview:

• Exam Name: Combined Defence Services (CDS)

• Conducting Authority: Union Public Service Commission (UPSC)

• Selection Stages: Written Exam, SSB Interview, and Medical Test

• Mode of Examination: Offline (Pen-and-paper)

• Question Type: Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

• Medium: English and Hindi

• Official Website: upsc.gov.in

CDS Syllabus 2026 (Subject-wise)

Candidates preparing for CDS should carefully study the syllabus for each subject to understand the exam requirements clearly. The written exam includes English, General Knowledge, and Elementary Mathematics.

English Syllabus

The English section evaluates a candidate’s command over the language at a graduate level. It focuses on grammar, vocabulary, and comprehension skills. Important topics include:

• Synonyms and Antonyms

• Idioms and Phrases

• Error Detection

• Parts of Speech

• Fill in the Blanks

• Reading Comprehension

• Para Jumbles

• Sentence and Word Ordering

• Active and Passive Voice

• Homonyms

• Words with Similar Sounds

General Knowledge Syllabus

This section checks awareness of current events and general studies. It includes questions from a wide range of subjects such as:

• Current Affairs

• Indian History

• Geography

• Indian Polity

• Indian Economy

• Basic Science (Physics, Chemistry, Biology)

• Environment and Ecology

• Defence-related topics

Elementary Mathematics Syllabus

This paper is applicable for candidates applying to IMA, INA, and AFA. It tests basic mathematical knowledge up to the matriculation level. Key topics include:

• Number System, Ratio and Proportion, Percentage

• Profit and Loss, Simple and Compound Interest

• Time and Work, Time, Speed and Distance

• Algebra and Geometry

• Trigonometry, Heights and Distances

• Basic Statistics (Mean, Median, Mode, Average)

• Data Interpretation

Preparation Strategy for CDS 2026

To prepare effectively for the CDS exam, candidates should create a well-structured study plan based on the syllabus. A systematic approach helps in covering all topics efficiently.

Some useful preparation tips include:

• Carefully read the official notification and understand the syllabus and exam pattern.

• Prepare a realistic study timetable and follow it consistently.

• Practice English daily by improving grammar, vocabulary, and comprehension skills.

• Stay updated with current affairs and revise General Knowledge regularly.

• Strengthen mathematical concepts through regular problem-solving practice.

• Solve previous year question papers and attempt mock tests frequently.

• Revise topics on a weekly and daily basis for better retention.

Direct Link To CDS 2 2026 Syllabus

CDS Exam Pattern 2026 (IMA, INA & AFA)

For admission to IMA, INA, and AFA, the written exam includes three subjects: English, General Knowledge, and Mathematics.

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