Potato Patch Coral Colony Near Kadmat Island: One of the Largest Known Pavona clavus Formations

Description

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Researchers have recorded an enormous Pavona clavus coral formation near Kadmat Island in the Lakshadweep Islands. Known locally as the “Potato Patch,” the structure occupies nearly 4,250 square metres, making it one of the largest living coral colonies of its type reported globally.

Characteristics of the Coral Colony

Pavona clavus is a hard coral species that contributes significantly to reef formation in tropical oceans. The newly documented colony is situated off the south-eastern coast of Kadmat Island. It starts at a depth of about 5.2 metres on the reef flat and continues down a steep underwater slope reaching nearly 20 metres.

Extent, Estimated Age and Condition

The coral colony covers an area comparable to roughly half of a standard international football field. Based on preliminary observations, scientists estimate that the colony may have developed over a period ranging from 700 to 1,800 years. Detailed scientific dating studies are expected to provide a more accurate age estimate. Surveys indicate that approximately 58.47% of the colony is currently composed of living coral tissue.

Importance of Lakshadweep’s Reef Systems

Lakshadweep, located in the Arabian Sea, is renowned for its coral atolls, lagoons and reef ecosystems. These marine habitats support diverse aquatic species and play a vital role in maintaining ecological balance. Kadmat Island, one of the inhabited islands in the archipelago, is particularly known for its rich coral biodiversity.

Discovery Through Marine Biodiversity Research

The coral formation was documented during a biodiversity assessment conducted around Kadmat Island. The survey involved experts from the Department of Science and Technology, the Research and Environmental Education Foundation, and The Habitat Trust.

The finding follows another significant reef observation made on 19 February 2026 near Kalpeni Island. During that study, researchers identified a coral reef zone containing around 35 coral species. The reef extended for approximately 1.8 kilometres and covered close to 12.99 hectares, further highlighting the ecological value of Lakshadweep’s marine environment.

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