Indian Immunologicals Launches India’s First Indigenous gE-Deleted DIVA Vaccine Against Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis

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Indian Immunologicals Limited (IIL) has recently introduced India’s first indigenously developed glycoprotein E (gE) deleted DIVA marker vaccine targeting Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR). This breakthrough marks a significant advancement in bovine health management, offering Indian farmers a homegrown solution to a disease that has long affected cattle productivity and herd fertility.

About Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR)

IBR is a contagious disease prevalent among domestic and wild cattle in India, caused by Bovine Herpes Virus-1 (BoHV-1). BoHV-1 belongs to the genus Varicellovirus within the subfamily Alphaherpesvirinae. The disease manifests primarily in three forms:

• Respiratory Form – The most common form, affecting the upper respiratory tract.

• Genital Form – Primarily affecting the reproductive system.

• Encephalitic Form – Rare and more severe, affecting the nervous system.

The virus spreads mainly through aerosol transmission, impacting the respiratory system. It can also be transmitted via semen from infected bulls to milch animals, facilitating the spread of reproductive disorders.

Symptoms Of IBR

Infected cattle display a range of clinical signs depending on the form of the disease:

• Respiratory Symptoms: Muco-purulent nasal discharge, red nose (hyperaemia of the muzzle), coughing, and conjunctivitis.

• Systemic Signs: Fever, depression, loss of appetite, reduced milk production, and abortions in pregnant animals.

• Reproductive Impacts: Infertility, abortion, and lower conception rates are major concerns for dairy and breeding herds.

These symptoms can significantly reduce productivity, affecting the livelihoods of farmers and the efficiency of the dairy and cattle industry.

Challenges In Managing IBR

Until now, India lacked a specific vaccine against IBR, and no targeted antiviral treatment was available. Management relied largely on biosecurity measures, isolation of infected animals, and supportive care, which could not prevent widespread transmission in large herds.

Significance Of gE-Deleted DIVA Marker Vaccine

The newly launched gE-deleted DIVA (Differentiating Infected from Vaccinated Animals) vaccine provides several critical advantages:

• Disease Control: Protects cattle from IBR infection, reducing the incidence of respiratory illness, reproductive failure, and abortions.

• Productivity Maintenance: Helps maintain milk yield and fertility in herds, supporting farmers’ incomes.

• Surveillance Facilitation: The DIVA feature allows authorities to distinguish between naturally infected and vaccinated animals, aiding disease monitoring and control programs.

• Indigenous Development: Being developed within India, the vaccine ensures local availability, affordability, and suitability for Indian cattle breeds.

This launch represents a milestone in veterinary biotechnology and livestock disease management, addressing a long-standing gap in cattle health care in India.

Implications For Dairy And Cattle Industry

With IBR contributing to significant economic losses in dairy and cattle sectors, the new vaccine is expected to strengthen herd immunity, improve animal welfare, and enhance overall productivity. It also aligns with India’s broader goals of self-reliance in animal health solutions and modernizing livestock management practices.

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