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Description
The Daruma doll, a well-known symbol of perseverance and good fortune in Japan, recently drew attention during Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s visit to the country. It was presented to him by Rev. Seishi Hirose, the chief priest of Daruma-ji Temple. Beyond being a lucky charm, the doll represents determination, spiritual discipline, and the pursuit of goals, while also reflecting a deep cultural connection between India and Japan.
Historical Origins
The Daruma doll traces its origins to Bodhidharma, a 5th-century monk from Kancheepuram, India, who later became known in Japan as Daruma Daishi, the founder of Zen Buddhism. After travelling through China, Bodhidharma is believed to have meditated facing a wall for nine years, an act of discipline that inspired the design of the doll. Its rounded shape, absence of limbs, and blank eyes are symbolic references to his unwavering meditation. The name “Daruma” itself is derived from the Sanskrit word “Dharma”, meaning universal law or duty.
Design And Symbolism
Crafted primarily from papier-mâché, Daruma dolls vary in size from small handheld figures to larger ceremonial pieces. Their weighted, rounded base enables them to return to an upright position even when pushed over, reflecting resilience and the spirit of “fall seven times, rise eight.” Another unique feature is their eyes: when setting a goal, one eye is filled in, and the second is completed only after the goal is achieved. This practice motivates persistence and serves as a visual reminder of commitment.
Daruma-ji Temple And Its Importance
The Shorinzan Daruma-ji Temple in Takasaki, Gunma Prefecture, established in 1697, is regarded as the birthplace of the Daruma doll. Over centuries, the temple became a hub for Daruma craftsmanship and blessings, earning a reputation as a place to pray for success, prosperity, and victory. Historically, emperors, shoguns, and common people alike have sought its blessings. Today, students, business owners, and locals continue to visit before important milestones. Rev. Seishi Hirose, who has been guiding the temple since 1981, preserves its Zen Buddhist traditions while promoting the cultural significance of the Daruma.
India–Japan Spiritual Connection
The Daruma doll not only represents Japanese customs but also embodies a shared spiritual heritage. Rooted in the journey of Bodhidharma from India, its design, name, and philosophy highlight the cultural bridge between Indian Buddhism and Japanese Zen practices. More than an ornamental object, the Daruma doll remains a timeless reminder of perseverance, focus, and the interconnected spiritual traditions of India and Japan.
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