CURRENT AFFAIRS
CURRENT AFFAIRS
Description
Mumbai witnessed uninterrupted heavy rainfall for four straight days in August 2025, recording more than 800 mm of rain, far above the city’s monthly average. The downpour disrupted normal life, damaged infrastructure, and affected large parts of Maharashtra. Meteorologists have attributed the intensity of this event to the combined impact of multiple weather systems and the growing influence of climate change. Experts stress that better preparedness, forecasting, and urban resilience measures are urgently required.
Weather Systems Behind Torrential Rains
After experiencing an unusually dry July, Mumbai’s monsoon activity revived in mid-August. The India Meteorological Department (IMD) issued an orange alert as heavy showers intensified. Several meteorological factors aligned at once, leading to the extreme rainfall:
A low-pressure zone over Vidarbha.
Cyclonic circulation over the northeast Arabian Sea.
A depression forming in the Bay of Bengal.
An active offshore monsoon trough along the west coast.
Together, these systems strengthened monsoon currents over Maharashtra’s coastline, resulting in unprecedented rainfall.
Climate Change And Altered Rainfall Trends
Scientists highlight that climate change is amplifying rainfall intensity along India’s western coast. Rising sea surface temperatures in the Arabian Sea and Middle East have led to higher moisture inflow and altered monsoon wind patterns. This shift brings heavier and more frequent rain spells to Mumbai and surrounding regions. Research also indicates that nearly half of the rainfall surge across northwest India and Pakistan is linked to rapid warming in the Middle East. Experts describe this as a “steroid effect” on the monsoon, where warming boosts the frequency and severity of extreme rain events.
Impact Across Maharashtra And Mumbai
The downpour caused widespread disruption:
Over 10 lakh acres of farmland in Maharashtra were submerged.
Mumbai recorded its wettest August in recent years, following the driest July since 2015.
Flooded roads and waterlogged neighbourhoods paralysed transport networks.
At least 15 lives were lost in rain-related incidents.
The event once again highlighted the exposure of megacities like Mumbai to climate-driven disasters.
Importance Of Early Warning Systems
Experts underline the need for community-focused warning mechanisms. Tools like IIT Bombay’s Mumbai Flood Monitoring System provide real-time flood data, helping authorities and citizens make informed decisions. Improved coordination between the IMD and local civic bodies is crucial for timely alerts, evacuation, and relief measures. Additionally, mapping flood-prone areas and upgrading the city’s drainage systems are essential to reduce future risks.
Building Resilient Cities For Future
To manage rising urban flood risks, cities require data-driven planning and advanced technology. Institutions such as the Council on Energy, Environment and Water (CEEW) are developing flood risk indices and intensity-duration-frequency curves for cities like Thane. Emerging tools powered by artificial intelligence and machine learning are also being deployed to strengthen Mumbai’s infrastructure. Experts caution that such extreme rainfall events are expected to increase in frequency and severity, making long-term resilience and climate adaptation critical for safeguarding lives and livelihoods.
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