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A recent comprehensive faunal survey at the Thattekad Bird Sanctuary in Ernakulam, Kerala, has enriched the sanctuary’s official biodiversity records, adding nine new species to its checklist. This development highlights the ecological importance of the sanctuary and underscores ongoing efforts to monitor and conserve its unique wildlife.

About Thattekad Bird Sanctuary

Thattekad Bird Sanctuary, Kerala’s first designated bird sanctuary, is situated along the serene banks of the Periyar River. Often referred to as the Dr. Salim Ali Bird Sanctuary, it honors the legendary Indian ornithologist, Dr. Salim Ali, who extensively studied the region’s avifauna. Established in 1983, the sanctuary occupies a strategic location at the foothills of the Western Ghats, a UNESCO-recognized biodiversity hotspot.

Habitat And Vegetation

The sanctuary spans diverse ecosystems, including tropical evergreen forests, semi-evergreen forests, and moist deciduous forests, providing a rich mosaic of habitats for both resident and migratory species. Its natural landscapes are enhanced by the Periyar River, associated lagoons, and marshlands formed by the Bhootattankettu dam reservoir. Key peaks such as Thoppimudi and Nyayapillimudi add to the sanctuary’s topographical diversity.

Flora

Thattekad Bird Sanctuary is home to a wide range of plant species, including:

• Myristica dactyloides – a rare and endemic species of nutmeg tree

• Hopea parviflora – known for its durable hardwood

• Tetrameles nudiflora – a large canopy tree supporting forest biodiversity

• Timber species like Teak, Rosewood, and Mahogany
  The rich flora supports a variety of insects, amphibians, and birds, forming a balanced and resilient ecosystem.

Fauna

The sanctuary is particularly celebrated for its endemic and rare bird species, making it a hotspot for ornithologists and bird watchers:

• Ceylon Frogmouth – a nocturnal bird noted for its camouflaging abilities

• Black Baza – a striking raptor with unique hunting techniques

• Oriental Dwarf Kingfisher – a tiny, vibrantly colored species

• Bay Owl – a nocturnal predator residing in dense forests

Beyond birds, Thattekad supports diverse wildlife including reptiles, amphibians, and small mammals, reflecting the sanctuary’s critical role in conserving the Western Ghats biodiversity.

Significance Of Recent Survey

The addition of nine new species to the sanctuary’s checklist demonstrates that Thattekad continues to reveal hidden biodiversity treasures, emphasizing the importance of regular monitoring and research. Conservation initiatives here not only protect rare species but also maintain the ecological balance of the region’s forest and riverine ecosystems.

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