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CURRENT AFFAIRS
Description
In a groundbreaking medical breakthrough, scientists have identified a completely new human blood group named CRIB in a South Indian woman from Kolar district, Karnataka. This discovery marks the first time anywhere in the world that this blood group has been identified, making it a historic moment for Indian medical science and transfusion medicine globally.
About CRIB Blood Group
The newly discovered blood group belongs to the Cromer (CR) blood group system, a rare category known for its complex antigenic structures.
The name CRIB is symbolic:
CR represents the Cromer system, and
IB stands for India, Bangalore, acknowledging the discovery’s origin.
The announcement was made at the 35th Regional Congress of the International Society of Blood Transfusion (ISBT), held in Milan, Italy a global platform for breakthroughs in blood research.
This discovery follows ten months of rigorous research and molecular testing by international experts, who identified a new antigen within the Cromer blood group system that had never been documented before.
Global Significance Of Discovery
The identification of CRIB has far-reaching implications for the medical field:
Improved Transfusion Safety: New antigens help ensure safer blood transfusions by reducing the risk of adverse reactions caused by mismatched blood.
Better Compatibility Testing: It strengthens testing for blood compatibility in complex cases, particularly for patients with rare blood types or multiple antibodies.
Enhanced Donor Matching: Knowledge of CRIB will aid in creating specialized donor registries, crucial for emergency situations and rare medical conditions.
The Cromer blood group system itself is highly rare, comprising 12 high-prevalence antigens and 3 low-prevalence antigens on the decay-accelerating factor (DAF) protein. The CRIB antigen adds a new layer of understanding to this system.
Types Of Rare Blood
A rare blood type is defined when a particular type is present in only 0.1% of the global population.
Patients with such blood types face serious challenges in emergencies.
If they develop antibodies against common blood antigens, they can only receive blood from donors with the same rare type.
This becomes critical during major surgeries, organ transplants, or life-threatening injuries, where compatible blood is essential for survival.
The discovery of CRIB will help anticipate and manage such rare transfusion scenarios more effectively.
India’s Milestone In Global Medicine
The naming of CRIB acknowledges India’s growing role in pioneering research in hematology and transfusion medicine. By discovering a completely new blood group, India not only cements its position in global medical science but also contributes to a safer and more efficient blood transfusion system worldwide.
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