Description

The Indian government has revised the reserve prices of wheat and rice from its strategic foodgrain reserves for the financial year 2025-26. This strategic move aims to stabilize market supply, provide price support to farmers, and curb inflationary pressures. The Food Corporation of India (FCI) will carry out the sale of these foodgrains through e-auctions under the Open Market Sale Scheme Domestic (OMSS-D).

Revised Reserve Price Overview

The Department of Food and Public Distribution (DFPD) has set the new reserve price of wheat at Rs 2,550 per quintal, reflecting an 11% increase from last year’s rate of Rs 2,300. This pricing is applicable to all wheat harvests, including the ongoing Rabi Marketing Season 2025-26, and will remain valid until June 30, 2026.

For rice, the revised prices depend on the type of buyer:

• Private buyers and cooperatives will pay Rs 2,890 per quintal for rice with 25% broken grains, marking a 3.2% hike from the previous Rs 2,800.

• State governments and ethanol distilleries will now be charged Rs 2,320 per quintal, up from Rs 2,250.

• Custom milled rice (10% broken) will be sold at Rs 3,090 per quintal, compared to Rs 3,000 earlier.

Additionally, coarse cereals such as bajra, ragi, jowar, and maize have also seen upward price revisions. For example, ragi will now be priced at Rs 4,886 per quintal.

Factors Influencing Price Revision

The upward revision in rice reserve prices aligns with a recent 3% rise in the Minimum Support Price (MSP) for paddy, which now stands at Rs 2,369 per quintal for the common variety, and Rs 2,389 for Grade A paddy. In the case of wheat, the reserve price hike is steeper than the MSP hike. The MSP for wheat for RMS 2025-26 was increased by 6.6% to Rs 2,425 per quintal, reflecting a surplus harvest and enhanced procurement outcomes.

Foodgrain Production And Stock Levels

India’s wheat output in 2024-25 reached an all-time high of 117 million tonnes. As of early July 2025, wheat procurement had reached 30 million tonnes, exceeding last year’s total of 26.5 million tonnes. Similarly, rice reserves are also robust, with 37.9 million tonnes in the central stockpile as of June 1, 2025. Wheat stocks stood at 36.9 million tonnes, the highest in four years. Additionally, the central pool holds 32.2 million tonnes of unmilled paddy and 0.45 million tonnes of coarse grains.

A favourable monsoon forecast and increased sowing during the Kharif season create a conducive environment for releasing grains into the open market to maintain price stability.

Role Of Food Corporation Of India (FCI)

The FCI, a key arm of the Indian government’s food security system, handles procurement, warehousing, and public distribution of foodgrains. Under the OMSS-D, FCI auctions surplus food stocks in the open market. This not only ensures availability and affordability of essential grains but also reinforces price support mechanisms for farmers while checking inflationary trends in the economy.

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