Shubhanshu Shukla Becomes First Indian to Conduct Scientific Research Aboard ISS

Description

Indian astronaut Shubhanshu Shukla has made history by becoming the first Indian to perform scientific experiments aboard the International Space Station (ISS). As part of the 18-day Axiom-4 mission, Shukla and his team completed more than 60 experiments exploring the effects of microgravity on biological systems, agricultural practices, technology, and human physiology. The findings aim to support future space missions and contribute to scientific advancements beneficial to life on Earth.

Studying Life In Microgravity: Tardigrade Resilience

One of Shukla’s key projects focused on tardigrades, resilient microscopic organisms often referred to as “water bears.” The study involved observing Indian strains of these creatures to understand their ability to grow and survive in the extreme conditions of space. Insights from this research could lead to better protective measures for living organisms during long-term space exploration.

Human Muscle Growth And Microgravity

Another crucial experiment examined how muscle tissue forms under microgravity, a process known as myogenesis. Extended stays in space often result in muscle loss due to the lack of gravity. Shukla’s work could help in developing therapies for muscle-wasting disorders and improve the health of astronauts on prolonged missions.

Seed Germination In Space

Shukla also explored the germination of moong (green gram) and methi (fenugreek) seeds in space. Using petri dishes and freezing techniques aboard the ISS, the experiment tested how zero gravity affects plant growth. The results will be vital in understanding how to grow food in space, a necessity for sustaining human life on future interplanetary missions.

Oxygen Generation With Cyanobacteria

Another focus was on two strains of cyanobacteria, ancient microorganisms that produce oxygen through photosynthesis. The study investigated how microgravity affects their growth and oxygen output. These organisms could serve as natural air purifiers and play a major role in closed-loop life support systems aboard space stations and spacecraft.

Exploring Microalgae As Sustainable Resources

Shukla's team also looked into the potential of microalgae as both a nutritious food source and a renewable biofuel. By comparing algae metabolism and gene activity in space versus Earth environments, the research aims to guide future efforts in sustainable resource management for space missions.

Digital Screen Interaction In Space

The Voyager Display experiment evaluated how astronauts interact with digital screens in a microgravity environment. The study analysed cognitive stress and usability, offering insights to improve the design of future onboard digital systems to enhance astronaut focus, efficiency, and mental well-being.

Brain-Computer Interface Breakthrough

In a significant technological milestone, Shukla and fellow astronaut Slawosz Uznanski participated in the first space-based brain-computer interface test. They performed mental calculations using thought alone, opening the door to revolutionary applications in hands-free control systems and neural communication technologies both in space and on Earth.

Fluid Dynamics In Zero Gravity

One visually striking demonstration involved observing how water behaves in microgravity. Using surface tension, Shukla created free-floating bubbles, showcasing the unique physical properties of fluids in space. This experiment contributes to a deeper understanding of fluid dynamics, essential for designing spacecraft systems like fuel storage and life support.

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