Description

India has officially launched the Phenome India National Biobank at the CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), setting a significant milestone in the country’s journey toward personalised healthcare. The new facility is tasked with collecting genomic, lifestyle, and clinical information from 10,000 individuals across diverse regions, laying the groundwork for a rich and inclusive health data repository.

Modelled after global initiatives like the UK Biobank, this project is uniquely adapted to reflect India’s genetic, cultural, and socio-economic diversity.

A Key Step Towards Precision Healthcare

The biobank is expected to serve as the backbone for a nationwide cohort study, helping scientists understand long-term health trends and gene-environment interactions. By analysing this data, researchers can improve the early diagnosis and precision treatment of chronic and complex illnesses such as diabetes, heart disease, cancer, and rare genetic disorders. This marks a transformative shift from standardised treatments to individualised care based on a person’s genetic and environmental profile.

Tackling India Unique Health Landscape

India faces distinct health challenges such as central obesity, which may be present even in people with normal body weight. The biobank will provide crucial insights by sampling individuals from varied ethnicities, regions, and socio-economic backgrounds. This will support the creation of region-specific health interventions that are far more effective than generic solutions.

Leveraging Emerging Technologies

The health data gathered will support the integration of modern technologies like quantum computing, CRISPR-based gene editing, and artificial intelligence (AI). This enables advancements in AI-powered diagnostics and genome-based therapies. By combining these technologies, the biobank aims to accelerate breakthroughs in antimicrobial resistance, drug discovery, and targeted treatments, placing India at the forefront of next-generation healthcare research.

Collaborative Framework And Long-Term Vision

The success of this initiative depends on multi-stakeholder collaboration. Partnerships between academic institutions, government departments like the Department of Biotechnology, and industry players are essential to translate research outcomes into real-world health solutions. The Phenome India project is envisioned as a longitudinal study, tracking participants’ health over time to generate comprehensive and actionable datasets.

CSIR-IGIB: A Pioneer In Indian Genomics

The CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology has been at the forefront of India’s genomics journey. It was the first Indian institute to sequence the human genome and has since developed over 300 genetic diagnostics. IGIB also played a crucial role in COVID-19 genome surveillance and is actively researching breast cancer, women’s health, and indigenous CRISPR therapies particularly for sickle cell disease. Moreover, its innovative work now spans areas such as space biology and AI in pilot health assessments.

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