CURRENT AFFAIRS
CURRENT AFFAIRS
Description
In a landmark move, the World Health Organization (WHO) has released its first global guidelines focused on managing sickle cell disease (SCD) during pregnancy. This development aims to improve the health and survival outcomes of both expectant mothers and their babies affected by this serious genetic condition.
Understanding Sickle Cell Disease
Sickle cell disease is an inherited disorder that alters the shape and flexibility of red blood cells. Instead of being round and smooth, these cells become rigid and crescent-shaped, which can restrict blood flow and cause painful blockages. People with SCD often experience chronic pain, severe anaemia, and a higher risk of infections. The condition is most commonly found in regions where malaria is widespread, especially in sub-Saharan Africa, which carries the largest burden globally.
Pregnancy Risks For Women With SCD
Pregnancy significantly increases health risks for women with SCD. These women are at a much higher risk of maternal mortality, as well as complications such as pre-eclampsia, stillbirth, and low birth weight. Recognising these dangers, the WHO has introduced new evidence-based care strategies to improve outcomes and reduce complications.
Highlights Of WHO Guidelines
The WHO’s new framework offers over 20 clinical recommendations for the management of SCD in pregnant women. Some of the key elements include:
Supplementation with folic acid and iron
Effective pain management during crises
Infection prevention strategies
Individualised care plans tailored to each patient’s condition
Additionally, the guidelines stress the need to eliminate stigma in healthcare settings, which often hinders access to timely and respectful care.
The Role Of Multidisciplinary Teams
Caring for pregnant women with SCD requires coordinated, specialised care. The WHO recommends a multidisciplinary approach, involving haematologists, obstetricians, midwives, paediatricians, and other health professionals. This collaboration ensures that both maternal and fetal health needs are addressed holistically throughout the pregnancy.
Bridging Research Gaps
Sickle cell disease remains understudied, particularly concerning treatment for pregnant and breastfeeding women. The WHO underlines the importance of clinical research and long-term funding to better understand safe and effective therapies during pregnancy. This guidance is part of a wider strategy to confront the rising burden of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) during pregnancy.
India's Response: National Sickle Cell Anaemia Eradication Mission
India has taken proactive steps to tackle SCD through the National Sickle Cell Anaemia Eradication Mission. The initiative focuses on screening vulnerable populations, especially among tribal communities, and expanding access to diagnostics and treatments. Significant government investment has been committed to develop new drugs and strengthen healthcare delivery for affected individuals.
Looking Ahead
The WHO’s new guidelines are the first in a planned series addressing chronic illnesses in pregnancy. Future editions will cover a range of health conditions, reflecting the growing importance of managing chronic diseases to safeguard both maternal and newborn health worldwide.
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