CURRENT AFFAIRS
CURRENT AFFAIRS
Description
The recently released UNESCO Global Education Monitoring (GEM) Report 2024-25 sheds light on the continuing gender inequalities in education systems around the world. While strides have been made in enrolment rates, the report finds substantial disparities in learning outcomes and women’s representation in leadership roles.
Gender Disparities In Learning Proficiency
According to the report, boys significantly lag behind girls in reading skills. On a global scale, for every 100 girls achieving basic reading proficiency, only 87 boys do so. In middle-income countries, this number drops further to just 72 boys, pointing to a critical imbalance in foundational literacy education.
COVID-19’s Impact On Math Performance
The pandemic has reversed progress toward gender equity in mathematics. Countries like Brazil, England, and Italy have seen a decline in girls’ performance in math post-COVID-19, raising concerns about the long-term consequences of interrupted learning, especially for female students.
Underrepresentation Of Women In Educational Leadership
Although women form a major part of the teaching workforce around 60% at the elementary level in India their presence in top academic leadership remains limited. As of 2022, only 13% of vice-chancellors in India’s central universities were women, revealing deep-seated gender imbalances in decision-making positions.
Lack Of Leadership Training
A major obstacle to improving school leadership is the lack of structured training for school heads in several Indian states. This persists despite the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 recommending formal leadership development as a priority. The absence of such training weakens school management and contributes to unequal learning outcomes.
Positive Impact Of Female Leadership
Research suggests a strong link between female leadership in schools and improved student outcomes. In certain African nations, schools led by women saw the equivalent of an extra year of learning, underscoring the potential of gender-inclusive leadership to enhance educational quality.
Role Of Decentralised Leadership Models
Innovative initiatives like Delhi’s decentralised school leadership programme have demonstrated that shared responsibility and mentorship can build stronger trust among educators, leading to more effective teaching and improved student performance.
Mixed Global Trends
The report does highlight a few positive developments, such as the growth in the female teaching workforce and policy commitments through NEP 2020. However, it also notes that learning assessments and leadership accountability remain areas needing urgent reform.
Learning Deficits Despite High Enrolment
Despite widespread access to education, learning levels remain low. For example, data from the National Achievement Survey 2021 revealed that only 25% of Class 8 students in India were proficient in mathematics signaling an ongoing foundational learning crisis.
Recommendations And Way Forward
To address these challenges, the GEM report calls for:
Mandatory leadership training for school principals
Special initiatives to support women in higher education leadership
Improved systems for tracking learning progress
These steps are seen as essential for bridging gender gaps and enhancing the quality of education globally.
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