CURRENT AFFAIRS
CURRENT AFFAIRS
Description
The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has reported a robust expansion of its balance sheet for the financial year 2024–25, which grew by 8.2% to reach Rupees 76.25 lakh crore. This increase was driven by notable gains from foreign exchange operations along with significant rises in gold reserves and domestic investments. The RBI's annual report underlines the resilience of the Indian economy amidst ongoing global uncertainty, reinforcing India’s position as the fastest-growing major economy projected for 2025–26.
Major Financial Developments
The RBI’s total income recorded a 22.77% surge, while its expenditures rose by 7.76%. As a result, the central bank posted a surplus of Rupees 2.69 trillion, reflecting a 27.37% rise compared to the previous year. The primary contributors to the balance sheet growth included:
A 52.09% jump in gold holdings
A 14.32% rise in domestic investments
A 1.70% increase in foreign assets
Breakdown Of Assets And Liabilities
As of March 31, 2025, 25.73% of the RBI’s assets were domestic, while 74.27% consisted of foreign currency assets, gold, and credit to financial institutions. On the liabilities front, key increases were observed in:
Notes issued: up by 6.03%
Revaluation accounts: up by 17.32%
Other liabilities: up by 23.31%
Trends In Currency Circulation
The value of currency in circulation rose by 6% during FY 2024–25. The Rupees 500 note continued to dominate, though its share slightly declined in value terms. The phased withdrawal of Rupees 2000 notes progressed steadily, with 98.2% of them returning to the banking system. Meanwhile, the total value of coins in circulation grew by 9.6%.
Digital Currency And Counterfeit Detection
The use of the RBI’s digital currency the e-rupee experienced a steep 334% increase in circulation. Meanwhile, the number of counterfeit notes declined across most denominations, though Rupees 200 and Rupees 500 notes witnessed respective rises of 13.9% and 37.3%.
Economic Outlook And Policy Guidance
The annual report conveys a positive outlook for India's economic trajectory, citing factors such as improved agricultural output and easing supply chain constraints as drivers of economic stability. The central bank remains optimistic about achieving its medium-term inflation target of 4% within the next 12 months.
RBI Recommendations
The RBI emphasized the need for banks to enhance their management of interest rate risks amid a shifting economic landscape. It called on financial institutions to proactively monitor both their trading and banking books, especially in light of shrinking net interest margins.
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