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Description
Recent research from Nagaland University highlights the significant role of stingless bees in boosting agricultural productivity. The study focused on two species Tetragonula iridipennis and Lepidotrigona arcifera identifying them as the most effective pollinators among eleven insect species examined. These findings point to stingless bees as a promising, eco-friendly alternative for crop pollination, particularly in areas where traditional honeybees may struggle to survive.
Stingless Bees And Their Impact On Crop Pollination
Stingless bees have shown notable efficiency in pollinating chilli crops, resulting in a substantial increase in fruit set. For instance, the fruit set in king chilli rose from 21% to 29.46%, while common chilli experienced a 7.42% rise. Alongside the quantity improvements, seed weight increased by 60.47%, suggesting enhanced seed viability. This research underscores the importance of stingless bees in improving both yield and quality in agriculture.
Research Approach
Over a decade, scientists conducted experiments in both open-field and greenhouse conditions to assess stingless bees’ contribution to crop growth. They also studied the foraging behavior of various insects, concluding that stingless bees outperformed other pollinators such as syrphid flies and houseflies.
Economic Advantages
Apart from pollination benefits, stingless bees also produce honey that adds to farmers’ income. The study revealed that honey extraction could provide an additional revenue stream alongside improved crop yields, making stingless bees an attractive option for sustainable farming.
Conservation Efforts And Future Directions
The researchers aim to promote the conservation of stingless bees and other wild pollinators while refining beekeeping techniques to increase honey production. Future research will explore the medicinal properties of stingless bee honey and its use in pollinating other crops like passion fruit and chow chow.
Geographical Presence And Domestication
Stingless bees are commonly found in northeastern, eastern, and southern India, where traditional beekeeping practices exist, particularly in Nagaland. This study represents one of the first scientific efforts to domesticate these bees systematically, paving the way for their wider application in agriculture across the country.
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