CURRENT AFFAIRS
CURRENT AFFAIRS
Description
The India Meteorological Department (IMD) is preparing to roll out the Bharat Forecasting System (BFS), a cutting-edge indigenous weather prediction model that promises to significantly enhance the accuracy and resolution of weather forecasts across the country. This move marks a major advancement in India’s meteorological capabilities, aligning with global best practices in high-resolution weather forecasting.
About Bharat Forecasting System (BFS)
The Bharat Forecasting System is a numerical weather prediction (NWP) model developed by the Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM), Pune. Designed to supersede the existing Global Forecast System (GFS) used in India, the BFS offers an unprecedented resolution of 6 kilometers, making it the most detailed operational weather model in the world.
In contrast, the earlier GFS model used in India had a resolution of 12 kilometers. This finer resolution in the BFS will enable meteorologists to detect and predict localized weather events such as intense rainfall, thunderstorms, and cyclonic activity with much higher precision.
Technological Infrastructure Behind BFS
At the heart of the Bharat Forecasting System is Arka, one of India’s most powerful supercomputers. Located at IITM Pune, Arka boasts a processing speed of 11.77 petaflops and is equipped with 33 petabytes of data storage. This computational power allows BFS to generate forecasts faster and more accurately than its predecessor, Pratyush, an earlier supercomputer used for climate modeling.
The high-speed data processing enables the BFS to assimilate vast datasets from satellite observations, oceanic conditions, and terrestrial sensors in real time.
Role Of Doppler Weather Radars
To ensure real-time and hyperlocal forecasts, the BFS will integrate data from a network of 40 Doppler Weather Radars (DWRs) strategically placed across India. These radars are vital in capturing atmospheric conditions such as wind speed, precipitation intensity, and cloud movement.
Going forward, the IMD plans to expand this network to 100 Doppler radars, significantly enhancing the model’s ability to issue nowcasts short-term weather forecasts valid for the next two hours for virtually all regions in the country.
Coverage And Scope
The Bharat Forecasting System is designed to deliver high-resolution forecasts for the entire tropical belt, which extends between 30° South and 30° North latitudes. This geographical scope includes all of India, which lies between 8.4°N and 37.6°N, as well as large portions of Asia, Africa, and the equatorial Pacific and Indian Oceans.
Such wide coverage will make BFS not only beneficial for India but also a valuable tool for neighboring countries and the broader tropical region.
Integration Of Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning
A notable feature of the BFS is the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML). These technologies help refine forecast models by learning from previous weather patterns, improving prediction accuracy, and reducing uncertainties. With AI-assisted analytics, the system can detect anomalies, identify trends, and generate alerts with higher reliability.
Open Access To Global Researchers
In a departure from the norm followed by many countries, the data generated by the Bharat Forecasting System will be made openly accessible to the global research community. This move is intended to foster international collaboration in climate modeling, weather prediction, and disaster preparedness, while also promoting transparency and scientific advancement.
Implications For Disaster Preparedness And Agriculture
The deployment of BFS will have far-reaching benefits for various sectors. Improved weather forecasts will help farmers plan agricultural activities, especially during the monsoon. It will also aid in early warning systems for cyclones, floods, and other natural disasters, thereby enhancing national resilience and disaster management efforts.
Conclusion
The introduction of the Bharat Forecasting System represents a transformative leap in India’s meteorological infrastructure. With its unmatched resolution, advanced computing, and real-time integration of radar and satellite data, BFS is set to redefine weather forecasting in India and serve as a model for other tropical nations. As climate variability and extreme weather events become more common, tools like BFS will be indispensable for protecting lives, livelihoods, and ecosystems.
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