CURRENT AFFAIRS
CURRENT AFFAIRS
Description
India is steadily progressing toward becoming a power-sufficient nation, with significant achievements in electricity generation and infrastructure. Union Power Minister Shripad Naik recently announced that since 2014, the country has added 238 gigawatts (GW) of power generation capacity. This expansion has played a crucial role in narrowing the gap between energy supply and demand. As of now, India’s total installed power capacity stands at 470 GW, with renewable energy sources contributing a growing share.
Expansion Of Power Generation Capacity
Since April 2014, India has seen a massive scale-up in its electricity production capacity, adding 238 GW to the national grid. Alongside this, the transmission network has expanded with 2,01,088 circuit kilometres of new transmission lines. In the financial year 2024-25, total electricity generation reached 15,46,229 million units (MU). While thermal power continues to dominate, renewable energy sources have been gaining ground steadily.
Growth In Renewable Energy Sector
Renewable energy has made significant inroads in India’s power mix. In 2024-25, renewable sources generated 2,30,868 MU of electricity. Solar energy emerged as the leading contributor with 1,27,339 MU, followed by wind energy at 78,214 MU. The share of renewables in total energy production has increased from 11.5% in 2021-22 to 13.78% in 2024-25, reflecting the government’s push for a greener energy profile.
National Grid And Transmission Infrastructure
India’s electricity is distributed through five interconnected regional grids, forming a unified national grid completed in 2013. Managed by the Power Grid Corporation of India Ltd, this national transmission system accounts for nearly 45% of the country’s total transmission capacity. It plays a vital role in facilitating interstate electricity transfers and integrating renewable energy into the national mix efficiently.
Regional Progress And Improvements
Progress in reducing energy shortages varies by region. The northern region, including states like Uttar Pradesh and Jammu & Kashmir, has made significant strides, lowering its energy deficit from 1% to 0.2% over the past three years. Southern and western states such as Tamil Nadu and Gujarat have achieved full energy balance, reporting zero power deficits.
Future Targets And Investment Plans
To meet the rising power demands, India aims to increase its non-fossil fuel energy capacity to 500 GW by 2030. This transition will require massive investment in power infrastructure, particularly in the transmission sector, where funding needs are projected at Rupees 9.15 lakh crore. New interstate transmission corridors are being developed to enhance the evacuation of renewable energy from generation sites to consumption centres.
Challenges Ahead
Despite nationwide advancements, several states continue to face challenges. Regions like Bihar, Jharkhand, and parts of the North East still experience supply shortfalls and inconsistent power availability. Enhancing renewable energy generation in these underperforming regions remains a key priority to ensure equitable energy access across the country.
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