CURRENT AFFAIRS
CURRENT AFFAIRS
Description
The Villupuram Forest Division has embarked on a vital population assessment of the grizzled giant squirrel in the Pakkamalai and Gangavaram hill ranges. Recognized for their ecological significance and biodiversity, these hills are essential habitats for this endangered species. The objective of the study is to compile baseline ecological data that will guide future conservation actions.
About Grizzled Giant Squirrel
The grizzled giant squirrel (Ratufa macroura), the smallest species among giant squirrels, is protected under Schedule I of the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972. These squirrels have a distinctive grey-brown coat sprinkled with white, giving them their 'grizzled' appearance. Native to riparian and deciduous forests of Southern India and Sri Lanka, they spend most of their time in tree canopies and are active mainly at dawn and dusk. Their foraging habits aid in seed dispersal, making them key contributors to forest regeneration.
Natural Habitat And Range
This species typically resides in riverine forests and is found in fragmented pockets across South India, including strongholds like the Chinnar Wildlife Sanctuary and Anamalai Tiger Reserve in the Western Ghats. Their preferred habitat includes dense tree cover near water bodies, which supports their nesting and feeding needs.
Conservation Challenges
The grizzled giant squirrel faces a growing threat from habitat destruction caused by logging, agricultural expansion, and human encroachment. Loss of tree cover diminishes both their food sources and nesting options. The IUCN Red List currently classifies them as Near Threatened. Poaching and other anthropogenic pressures have further impacted their already declining population.
Purpose And Impact Of Study
This field study, supported by a mix of forest department officials, researchers, and volunteers, will provide critical data on population density, habitat use, and threats. Findings from the survey will be used to advocate for wildlife sanctuary status for the Pakkamalai and Gangavaram hills, offering stronger legal protection for the species and its habitat.
Ecological Importance Of Region
These hill ecosystems are biodiversity hotspots, sheltering rare and endemic species including the golden gecko, tropical birds, and a wide variety of amphibians and reptiles with over 3,000 individuals recorded across several taxa. Conserving this rich habitat is vital not only for the grizzled giant squirrel but for maintaining overall ecological balance in the region.
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