CURRENT AFFAIRS
CURRENT AFFAIRS
Description
The Kerala State Electricity Board (KSEB), in partnership with the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Bombay, has initiated a pilot Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) project to assess the practicality and impact of this emerging technology in the state. This innovative project marks a significant step in integrating electric vehicles (EVs) into the state’s energy management system and is expected to pave the way for a smarter, more resilient power grid.
About Vehicle-To-Grid (V2G) Technology
Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) is an advanced energy technology that allows electric vehicles (EVs) to not only consume electricity from the grid but also return excess stored energy back to it. This bi-directional energy flow transforms EVs into mobile energy storage units, enabling them to serve as backup energy providers when not in use.
At its core, V2G enables two key functionalities:
Grid to Vehicle (G2V) - This is the traditional EV charging process, where the vehicle draws power from the electricity grid to charge its battery.
Vehicle to Grid (V2G) - This innovative process allows EVs to discharge electricity back into the grid, especially during times of high demand or energy shortage.
V2G Work
When an electric vehicle is plugged into a bi-directional charger, and not in active use, it can interact with the grid in real time. The system can either draw power from the grid to charge the EV or send stored power from the EV’s battery back to the grid. This creates a flexible, dynamic energy exchange that benefits both EV owners and utility providers.
V2G can be particularly beneficial in the following ways:
Peak Load Management - EVs can discharge electricity during peak demand hours, helping to stabilize the grid and reduce the need for fossil fuel-based power generation.
Renewable Energy Balancing - During periods when solar or wind energy generation is low, EVs can support the grid by releasing stored power.
Grid Resilience - By acting as distributed energy resources, EVs enhance the reliability and flexibility of the energy infrastructure.
Incentives for EV Owners - Participants in V2G programs may receive compensation or reduced electricity costs in exchange for supplying energy to the grid.
V2G In Broader Energy Ecosystem
Vehicle-to-Grid technology is part of a larger concept of integrated vehicle energy systems, which include:
Vehicle-to-Home (V2H) - Powering household appliances using an EV battery.
Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) - Transferring energy from one EV to another.
Among these, V2G has emerged as the most commercially and technologically viable model, with applications in urban energy planning, smart grids, and sustainable transport solutions.
Kerala’s Role In Advancing V2G In India
By launching this pilot project, Kerala becomes one of the first Indian states to experiment with V2G technology in a structured way. The collaboration with IIT Bombay, a leader in energy research and innovation, ensures scientific rigour and real-world applicability in the project design.
This initiative aligns with India’s broader goals of:
Promoting clean energy solutions
Reducing dependence on fossil fuels
Encouraging EV adoption
Modernizing electricity grids for the future
Conclusion
Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) technology holds transformative potential for the energy and transportation sectors. It represents a smart, sustainable solution that not only enhances the utility of electric vehicles but also strengthens the grid through decentralized power support. Kerala’s pilot project with IIT Bombay could serve as a model for other states, contributing to India's clean energy transition and supporting the nation’s climate commitments.
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