CURRENT AFFAIRS
CURRENT AFFAIRS
Description
India has solidified its position as the largest milk producer in the world, with current production reaching 239 million metric tons (MMT). This milestone was announced in the Lok Sabha by Union Minister of Animal Husbandry and Dairying, Rajiv Ranjan Singh. The Indian government has now set an ambitious goal to increase milk production to 300 MMT within the next five years, aiming to further strengthen the dairy industry and its contribution to the national economy.
This impressive growth is largely attributed to government initiatives like the Rashtriya Gokul Mission (RGM), launched in 2014, which focuses on improving indigenous cattle breeds and enhancing milk productivity.
India’s Dominance In Global Milk Production
India has witnessed a significant surge in milk production over the last decade, making it the world's leading milk-producing nation. Currently, the country contributes more than 24% of total global milk production, outperforming major dairy-producing countries like the United States, China, and Brazil.
One of the key indicators of India’s success in the dairy sector is its per capita milk availability, which now stands at 471 grams per day, significantly higher than the global average. This increase has been driven by technological advancements, government policies, and the growing demand for dairy products among Indian consumers.
Key Statistics Of India Dairy Sector
Current Milk Production: 239 MMT
Global Share: Over 24% of the world's total milk output
Milk Production Growth (since 2014): 63.5% increase
GDP Contribution: 4.5% of India’s total GDP
Target for 2030: 300 MMT
Employment Generation: The dairy sector provides livelihoods to approximately 10 crore people, with 75% of them being women, making it a crucial driver of rural employment.
Role Of Rashtriya Gokul Mission (RGM) In Boosting India Dairy Sector
The Rashtriya Gokul Mission (RGM) was introduced in 2014 as part of the National Programme for Bovine Breeding and Dairy Development. This initiative has played a vital role in improving milk productivity, breed conservation, and overall dairy infrastructure in the country.
Objectives And Key Components Of RGM
Indigenous Breed Conservation – Encouraging the preservation and development of native cattle breeds such as Gir, Sahiwal, Red Sindhi, and Rathi, which are known for their high milk yield and adaptability to Indian climatic conditions.
Genetic Improvement of Dairy Cattle – Promoting the use of high-genetic merit bulls and advanced breeding techniques to enhance milk production.
Artificial Insemination (AI) Expansion – Strengthening the breeding network across the country and expanding AI services to increase conception rates in dairy cattle.
Dairy Infrastructure Development – Establishing modern milk processing units, chilling plants, and cold storage facilities to reduce wastage and improve milk quality.
Financial Support for Dairy Farmers – Implementing subsidies, financial incentives, and training programs to make dairy farming more profitable and sustainable.
Challenges Hindering Growth In India Dairy Sector
Despite India’s dominant position in global milk production, the industry faces several challenges that must be addressed to ensure sustainable and efficient dairy production.
Major Challenges
Low Per-Animal Productivity – India's average milk yield per cow is significantly lower than international standards, primarily due to poor nutrition, outdated breeding practices, and lack of awareness among farmers.
Cattle Disease Management – The sector frequently experiences disease outbreaks such as Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) and Brucellosis, which reduce milk yield and affect farmers' incomes.
Climate Change Impact – Rising temperatures and erratic weather patterns have a negative impact on livestock health, reducing milk production and increasing stress on dairy farmers.
Inadequate Cold Chain and Storage Facilities – The lack of proper refrigeration and transportation infrastructure leads to significant milk wastage, especially in rural areas.
Price Volatility – Fluctuating milk prices often create uncertainty for dairy farmers, making it difficult for them to plan long-term investments.
Future Roadmap: India’s Dairy Vision For 2030
To achieve its ambitious target of 300 MMT milk production by 2030, the Indian government has outlined several key strategies aimed at improving milk yield, enhancing infrastructure, and boosting farmers' incomes.
Key Strategies For Dairy Sector Growth
Increasing Artificial Insemination (AI) Coverage – Expanding AI services to ensure the genetic improvement of cattle, leading to higher milk yield.
Strengthening Dairy Cooperatives & Private Sector Involvement – Encouraging partnerships between farmers, cooperatives, and private companies to modernize dairy farming techniques.
Improving Disease Control Measures – Launching large-scale vaccination programs for cattle to prevent diseases like FMD, Brucellosis, and Bovine Tuberculosis.
Adopting Climate-Resilient Dairy Farming – Implementing sustainable livestock management practices to tackle environmental challenges and mitigate climate change effects on milk production.
Boosting Export Potential – Enhancing India’s dairy product exports to international markets by improving milk quality, processing standards, and packaging techniques.
Conclusion
India’s dairy sector is poised for significant expansion, driven by strong government support, technological innovations, and rising demand for milk and milk-based products. With sustained efforts under initiatives like the Rashtriya Gokul Mission, modernization of dairy farms, and enhanced breed management, India is well on its way to achieving 300 MMT milk production by 2030.
By addressing existing challenges such as low productivity, disease outbreaks, and inadequate infrastructure, India can further cement its position as a global dairy powerhouse while ensuring economic prosperity for millions of dairy farmers across the country.
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