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The Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana-Gramin (PMAY-G) is a major rural housing initiative in India, aimed at providing quality housing for rural households. Despite its significant objectives, recent concerns have been raised about its implementation, especially regarding beneficiary identification and the adequacy of financial support. A report from a Parliamentary Standing Committee has highlighted several issues that need to be addressed.

Background Of PMAY-G

Launched on April 1, 2016, PMAY-G was designed to ensure that every rural household has access to a durable house equipped with essential amenities. Initially, the target was to build 2.95 crore houses. In August 2024, the scheme was extended with the goal of constructing an additional two crore houses by 2029.

Issues In Beneficiary Identification

A significant concern raised by the Parliamentary Committee is that the current list of beneficiaries is based on the 2011 Socio-Economic Caste Census (SECC) data, which is over 14 years old. This outdated data means that many households that were eligible back in 2011 may no longer qualify, while new households in need of housing have emerged. The committee recommends a thorough review and updating of the beneficiary list to ensure it accurately reflects current needs.

Concerns Over Financial Assistance

The financial support provided under PMAY-G has also come under scrutiny. Currently, the central government offers Rupees 1.20 lakh for houses in the plains and Rupees 1.30 lakh for certain states. However, the committee has noted that these amounts have not been revised despite inflation and increasing construction costs. The committee has proposed an increase in the assistance to Rupees 4 lakh per unit to ensure that houses are built with better quality materials and construction standards.

Backlog And Issues With Extension

Although the scheme's extension was intended to tackle existing backlogs, the committee notes that it mainly addresses houses that were already allocated but not built. By October 2024, 2.66 crore houses had been completed, but there was still a backlog of 29 lakh houses. The committee estimates that around 1.46 crore houses remain to be constructed, indicating that only a limited number of new houses are being built under the extended plan.

Recommendations From Parliamentary Committee

The committee suggests that the total number of houses under the scheme should be increased to at least 3.46 crore to account for the backlog and ensure fresh allocations. Additionally, the eligibility criteria should be expanded to include households with semi-permanent structures, reflecting the current housing conditions in rural areas.

Future Data Collection And Surveys

To address the beneficiary identification issues, the government conducted an Awaas+ survey in 2018, and a new survey is currently underway, expected to be completed by March 2025. As of February 2025, more than 80 lakh households have been surveyed. This updated data will be essential in identifying beneficiaries accurately and ensuring the scheme’s effectiveness moving forward.

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