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Description
A recently discovered reservoir in Haryana's Rakhigarhi is not only a remarkable example of Harappan engineering but also contributes to ongoing research about the Saraswati River.
About Rakhigarhi
Rakhigarhi is an archaeological site situated in the Hisar district of Haryana, located within the Ghaggar-Hakra river plain. It stands as one of the largest and oldest cities from India's earliest known Bronze Age urban culture, the Indus Valley or Harappan Civilization. In fact, it is the largest Harappan site uncovered to date. Discovered by the Archaeological Survey of India in the 1960s, the site has been the subject of numerous excavations.
Key Findings
The excavation of Rakhigarhi has revealed seven distinct archaeological mounds spread across approximately 350 hectares. The site offers substantial evidence of settlement during both the Early and Mature Harappan periods, with the city being abandoned during the Late Harappan period.
The Mature Harappan phase shows a well-organized township with houses made of both mud-brick and burnt-brick. A sophisticated drainage system further highlights the advanced urban planning of the Harappans.
The ceramic industry found here includes red ware, with items like dish-on-stand, vases, jars, bowls, beakers, perforated jars, goblets, and handis.
Ritualistic practices are also evident, with animal sacrificial pits surrounded by mud-brick structures, as well as fire alters in triangular and circular shapes.
A notable find is a cylindrical seal that displays five Harappan characters on one side and a depiction of an alligator on the other.
Other discoveries include a wide range of artifacts like terracotta and shell bangles, semi-precious stone beads, bone tools, copper items, animal figurines, toy cart parts, inscribed steatite seals, and sealings.
Excavations also yielded extended burials that could be attributed to a later stage, possibly even the medieval period.
Rakhigarhi is also famous for providing the only DNA evidence linked to the Harappan civilization.
These findings continue to shed light on the technological, cultural, and social achievements of the Harappans, enhancing our understanding of this ancient civilization.
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