CURRENT AFFAIRS
CURRENT AFFAIRS
Description
The Padmaja Naidu Zoological Park in Darjeeling leads conservation efforts for Himalayan animals, particularly the red panda. In June 2024, it built India's first genetic biobank to preserve DNA from endangered species. This effort seeks to combat extinction via genetic variety.
Conservation Breeding Programme
The zoo has launched an innovative conservation breeding and rewilding program for red pandas. Julie, a red panda, and two others are being groomed for reintroduction into the wild. Caretaker Chhetri focuses on strengthening their anti-human inclinations. This programme is critical for the survival of red pandas, whose numbers are declining.
Importance Of Genetic Diversity
Genetic variety is critical to the health of a species. Inbreeding depression occurs when animals reproduce within a small community, resulting in lowered immunity and decreased survival rates. The zoo's genetic biobank solves this issue by storing genetic samples from a variety of individuals.
Tourism & Public Engagement
Red pandas have become an icon of Darjeeling, drawing hundreds of tourists. During the peak season, the zoo receives approximately 18,000 people each day. Local businesses publicize red panda sightings, which increases community involvement in conservation efforts.
Rewilding Efforts
Captive-bred animals must undergo intensive training prior to being released into the wild. The zoo has successfully released nine red pandas into the wild since 2002. The goal is to release at least 20 within the next five years. Training entails climbing trees, foraging, and identifying predators.
Challenges Of Rewilding Snow Leopards
While the zoo maintains a breeding program for snow leopards, rewilding them presents more obstacles. Their natural habitat is not in Darjeeling, and training huge carnivores is challenging. The zoo remains committed to their survival, although its present focus is on red pandas.
Conservation Of Other Species
The zoo also aims to protect the Himalayan newt, which is a lesser-known species. Though not popular, it is critical to maintaining environmental balance. The zoo has successfully reared approximately 50 of these newts, demonstrating its devotion to all endangered species.
The Role Of Veterinary Science
Joy Dey, a veterinarian, plays an important role in the zoo's conservation activities. He does studies on animal health and anesthetic methods. His work advances the zoo's scientific expertise, improving care for all species.
Establishment Of The Genetic Biobank
The genetic biobank is an innovative facility for Indian zoos. It store DNA samples from nine endangered Himalayan species. This resource ensures that genetic material is conserved for future breeding operations, which helps species recovery.
Methodology For DNA Preservation
DNA samples are obtained from different tissues and preserved in liquid nitrogen at -197?. This technique protects the genetic material for future use, such as research and breeding initiatives.
Global Significance
The work done at the Darjeeling Zoo helps to a more comprehensive understanding of conservation. By sharing research findings, the zoo contributes to global efforts to safeguard endangered species and their ecosystems.
While genetic biobanks provide a safety net for endangered species, experts emphasize the necessity of habitat preservation. Conservation efforts must prioritize the preservation of natural habitats in order to maintain species survival in the wild.
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