CURRENT AFFAIRS
CURRENT AFFAIRS
Description
The Government of India began Mission Mausam in September 2024. This effort seeks to improve weather forecasts and manage specific weather occurrences. The mission aims to manage rainfall, hail, fog, and, eventually, lightning strikes.
Importance Of Cloud Physics
Cloud physics is critical for successful weather modification. It entails examining how clouds react in various settings. India should increase its research in this field. This will help us better understand and manipulate weather patterns.
The Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM) in Pune is creating a one-of-a-kind cloud chamber to facilitate this research. This chamber is intended to imitate cloud production in controlled conditions.
About Cloud Chamber
A cloud chamber is an enclosed cylindrical or tubular structure. Inside, water vapor and aerosols are injected. Clouds can form when certain humidity and temperature conditions are met. The Pune facility will allow scientists to conduct in-depth studies on cloud droplets and ice particles.
Features Of The Pune Facility
Unlike the simple cloud chambers available in many countries, the Pune facility would feature convection capabilities. This makes it ideal for investigating Indian monsoon clouds. This facility is one of only a handful global convective cloud chambers.
Objectives Of The Convective Cloud Chamber
The major goal is to comprehend cloud activity under both regular and extraordinary settings. Scientists will investigate how raindrops and ice particles develop. They will also look at how moisture from cyclones impacts the atmosphere. These interactions are critical for weather-modification tactics.
Planned Research Activities
Scientists will modify the cloud chamber's environmental settings. They will manipulate temperature, humidity, and convective conditions to investigate their impact on clouds. Senior IITM scientist Thara Prabhakaran stressed the importance of controlled environments for testing new ideas.
Development Timeline
Over the next 18-24 months, the focus will be on developing improved equipment and probes. These gadgets will monitor a variety of conditions within the chamber. Civil construction of the chamber will commence shortly.
India's Experience With Cloud Seeding
India has already carried out cloud seeding experiments, including the Cloud Aerosol Interaction and Precipitation Enhancement Experiment (CAIPEEX). This programme lasted more than a decade and was divided into four sections.
Results Of CAIPEEX
In the final phase, trials were carried out in Maharashtra's Solapur district. The results showed that cloud seeding could increase rainfall by up to 46% in some places. It boosted rainfall by around 18% over a 100-square-kilometer area downwind of the seeding spot.
Limitations Of Cloud Seeding
Despite the favorable findings, cloud seeding is not a complete answer to rainfall difficulties. It has limitations and cannot be relied on to resolve all weather-related issues. Mission Mausam and the establishment of the cloud chamber are significant steps towards advanced weather management in India. The research undertaken here may contribute to a better understanding and control of meteorological events, particularly during the monsoon season.
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