India is preparing to commission its second nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarine, INS Arighat, and has won authority to build six more nuclear submarines to strengthen its maritime defenses

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India is preparing to commission its second nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarine, INS Arighat, and has won authority to build six more nuclear submarines to strengthen its maritime defenses.

Commissioning Of INS Arighat

The Indian Navy is ready to commission its second nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarine (SSBN), INS Arighat, which is nearing the end of its testing and upgrades. INS Arighat is expected to enter service within the next two months, joining INS Arihant, the first SSBN inducted in 2016. INS Arighat has a top surface speed of 12-15 knots (22-28 km/h) and can go up to 24 knots (44 km/h) underwater. It has four launch tubes that can carry either four K-4 missiles with a range of more than 3,500 kilometers or twelve K-15 missiles with a range of about 750 kilometers.

Expansion Of The Nnuclear Submarine Fleet

The Indian government has approved the construction of six more nuclear submarines (SSNs), a project that is expected to cost more than Rs1 lakh crore (about $12 billion). This project, mostly powered by indigenous technology, is consistent with the "Make in India" campaign, which aims to increase self-reliance in defense manufacture. The new SSNs will combine modern stealth technology with autonomous drones to improve India's maritime warfare capabilities.

Delayed Project Delta And SSN

Due to delays caused by Russia's conflict with Ukraine, India's Project Delta—originally meant to include leased Russian Akula class SSNs—has been pushed back to 2027. As a result, the Indian Navy has requested permission to build two new SSNs to boost its deterrent capabilities in the Indo-Pacific. This request comprises the initial acceptance of need (AoN) for these submarines-

Strategic Importance Of SSN

The emphasis on SSNs is critical given the strategic landscape. SSNs have greater underwater speed and endurance than conventional diesel-electric submarines, which require frequent refueling. With the Chinese Navy spreading its reach into the Indian Ocean and delivering modern submarines to neighbouring countries, India's SSNs will play an important role in combating these threats and safeguarding regional stability.

Future Developments

The third SSBN, INS Aridaman, will be commissioned early next year, adding to India's nuclear trifecta. This development demonstrates India's commitment to retaining a strong deterrent capability and protecting its strategic interests in the face of growing maritime challenges.

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