CURRENT AFFAIRS
CURRENT AFFAIRS
Description
The Indian government has mandated all schools and higher education institutions across the country to provide digital study materials in Indian languages for all academic courses within three years. This policy attempts to allow students to learn in their native languages while respecting India's linguistic diversity.
Background
The National Education Policy 2020 prioritizes education in native languages and proposes a three-language formula for school education until Class X. According to the National Curriculum Framework 2023 for school education, students must study three languages until Class X, two of which must be native Indian languages, and two languages are recommended for Classes XI and XII, one of which must be a native Indian language.
Coverage Of Initiative
The mandate for digital study materials access applies to both public and private institutions, and it encompasses all courses ranging from school textbooks to specialist university texts in sciences, humanities, engineering, medicine, and law.
Anuvadini—The AI Tool
'Anuvadini', an artificial intelligence-based multilingual translation program developed in-house, would enable the rapid conversion of current English content into several languages using machine learning as the foundation, followed by expert manual reviews for accuracy.
Thousands of textbooks have already been translated across domains and curated on the web portal Ekumbh as part of the initiative's two-year timeline. National entrance examinations now include textual options in 12 regional languages.
UGC Guidelines
The University Grants Commission (UGC) recently announced guidelines requiring higher education institutions to offer courses in Indian language. The UGC stated that the Commission for Scientific and Technical Terminology has created standard glossaries that can be utilized for translation. These glossaries cover a wide variety of topics. According to the guidelines, technical terminology that are difficult for pupils to understand may be quoted in English after their Indian language counterparts.
Intended Benefits
Removing language barriers to high-quality pedagogical resources would democratize quality education for everybody while reducing dropout rates. It would also encourage the use of national languages in higher education and professional settings rather than English.
Uses In Another Arena
More than 5,000 judgments from the Kerala High Court and District Courts were recently translated into Malayalam using Artificial Intelligence (AI). The decisions are translated using the AI tool 'Anuvadini' developed by the AICTE under the Union Ministry of Education.
Digital Ecosystem
In school education, study materials are provided in a variety of Indian languages, including over 30 languages on the DIKSHA portal, and competitive tests such as JEE, NEET, and CUET are administered in 12 Indian languages and English.
Engineering, medical, law, undergraduate, graduate, and skill literature have also been translated over the last two years.
In an effort to give students the option to learn in their native language, the Centre has determined that study materials for all courses in school and higher education will be made available digitally in Indian languages included in the 8th Schedule of the Constitution.
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