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Researchers from multiple institutes discovered evidence of human presence in Vadnagar, Gujarat, dating back over 3,000 years, to as early as 800 BCE. Successive periods of occupation by Mauryas, Indo-Greeks, Hindu, and Muslim kings have been discovered.
Vadnagar's Legacy: An Enduring Settlement
The extensive excavation makes Vadnagar the oldest continuously inhabited city under a single citadel discovered in India thus far. Its persistent history spans various kingdoms, invasions, and religions, ranging from Buddhist, Hindu, and Jain to Islamic influences.
Climate Changes Boosted Invasions
According to analysis, climate oscillations causing severe droughts or rainfall shifts in Central Asia have historically triggered migrations and invasions into India. When the Indian subcontinent thrived under powerful monsoons, the desert invaders targeted its affluence.
The Earliest Phase Predates Buddhism And Jainism
The original Iron Age settlement, which began approximately 800 BCE, predates both Buddhism and Jainism, proving cultural continuity in India for almost 5500 years. This calls into question the concept of a "Dark Age" in Indian history.
Different Artifacts Discovered
The dig uncovered a variety of archaeological artifacts, including ceramics, bangles, copper, gold, and silver objects, coin moulds from the Indo-Greek reign, and one of the oldest Buddhist monasteries discovered to date. This supports Vadnagar's status as a prominent commercial outpost.
Multifaceted Significance
Aside from its historical significance, the Vadnagar site has personal significance for Prime Minister Narendra Modi because it is his native hamlet. It will also host India's first Experiential Digital Museum, which aims to bring history to life.
Connecting Climate, Settlements, And Migrations
The authors believe that common climate conditions played a significant role in Vadnagar's settlement and depopulation across millennia. Periods of prosperity with stronger monsoons attracted both migrants and invaders from drought-stricken Central Asia.
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