CURRENT AFFAIRS
CURRENT AFFAIRS
Description
Venus is the only planet in the solar system with a slow rotation, with a day on Venus lasting up to 243 Earth days. This slow spin has an impact on many aspects of its atmospheric behavior and composition.
Atomic Oxygen Production
On Venus, atomic oxygen is a critical component of the upper atmosphere, produced by the breakdown of carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide on the sunny side. This atomic oxygen is subsequently transferred to the dark side of the planet.
Although atomic oxygen is critical to Venus's atmospheric photochemistry and energy dynamics, its presence on the dayside was not previously recognized.
SOFIA's New Insights
The German Receiver for Astronomy at Terahertz Frequencies (upGREAT) on NASA's SOFIA aircraft was used to study 17 different spots on Venus's day and night sides. These discoveries were made on November 10, 11, and 13, 2021.
Atomic Oxygen Distribution Findings
Their research confirmed atomic oxygen at all places examined, with the highest concentrations found near 100 km altitude. They measured density changes, with the largest on the dayside.
Temperature Measurements
The average Venusian brightness temperature was calculated to be around 246 K, located around 65-70 km altitude, slightly above the cloud layer. The atomic oxygen temperature was roughly 156 K during the day and around 115 K at night, indicating a 100 km altitude.
Looking Ahead
Further observations will provide greater insights into Venus's atmospheric conditions, assisting future missions such as NASA's DAVINCI and the European Space Agency's EnVision. These discoveries will also help us understand the significant disparities between the atmospheres of Venus and Earth.
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