Description

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NATO is a military alliance founded in 1949 by 12 nations, including the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, and France. The entire name of NATO is the North Atlantic Treaty Organization.

NATO was founded primarily to tackle the danger posed by the Soviet Union following World War II. To oppose NATO, the USSR formed its own military alliance in 1955, known as the Warsaw Pact. With the fall of the Soviet Union in 1990, the Warsaw Pact was dismantled, and numerous Warsaw Pact nations became NATO members.

NATO is comprised of 30 member nations. The alliance's member countries have vowed to come to each other's help in the case of an armed assault on any one of them.

What is NATO's Purpose?

NATO's mission is to carry out the North Atlantic Treaty, which was signed on April 4, 1949. NATO is a network of collective security. Under the arrangement, an assault on one member state is considered an attack on all, necessitating a coordinated response. This assures NATO member nations' collective security. The headquarters of NATO are located in Brussels, Belgium.

NATO member countries comprise two North American countries, 27 European countries, and one Eurasian country.

NATO Member Countries List

What exactly is Russia's beef with NATO and Ukraine?

Russia is opposed to Ukraine, a former Soviet Union republic, joining the NATO alliance. Russia wants NATO to prevent Ukraine from joining the alliance, something the US and its allies have refused to do.

Russia also wants NATO to stop military operations in Eastern Europe, arguing that the organisation is being used by Western nations to advance on its territory. NATO denied this, claiming that only a tiny number of its member countries share a border with Russia.

Background

When Ukrainians toppled their pro-Russian president in early 2014, Russia attacked and seized Ukraine's southern Crimean peninsula, NATO did not interfere. While NATO condemned the invasion of Crimea and expelled Russia from the G8, it did not adopt any punitive measures.

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