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IIT-Guwahati researchers have invented a 3D printer that prints furniture out of building trash. According to an official announcement, the concrete printer created by IIT-Guwahati and Deltasys E-Forming is capable of printing components up to 1 m long, 1 m broad, and 1 m tall.

The researchers created 3D printed furniture with a seating height of 0.4 m, a width of 0.4 m, and an arch-shaped support using specially-developed printable concrete containing industrial wastes as binders. Each layer had a 10 mm height, and the complete unit was printed layer by layer at an 80 mm/s pace. According to a statement released by IIT-Guwahati on Monday, when the unit was printed, it was covered with damp gunny bags for seven days to cure before being used.

"Traditionally, these structures were mold casted which requires more concrete material, labour, and formwork preparation. However, with 3D concrete printing, optimised designs are printed with 75 percent less concrete and without the need of mold," the statement said.

3D printing of concrete, according to IIT-Guwahati director TG Sitharam, can be a technological option for lowering carbon footprint in the building industry. "From Indian context, the techno-economic analysis must be carried out that take into account not only the environmental sustainability but also aspects relating to cost, quality, labour, and maintenance associated with 3D printing," he said.

According to professor Biranchi Panda of the Department of Mechanical Engineering, the researchers want to build high-performance concrete mixes generated from industrial wastes for printing such complicated structures. "We showcased how material-efficient structures can be produced in our lab-scale 3D printer," he said.

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