OFFICIAL J&K BOARD SYLLABUS
SECTION A BOTANY
Unit-I: Reproduction in Flowering Plants
Asexual Reproduction: Vegetative propagation in plants, micropropagation.
Sexual Reproduction: Flower structure, Development of male & female gametophytes. Pollination: types, agencies & examples, Out breeding devices. Pollen- Pistil interaction, Double fertilization, Post fertilization events, Development of endosperm, embryo, seed and fruit. Special modes: apomixis and polyembryony, significance of seed & fruit formation.
Unit-II: Genetics
Heredity and variation
Mendelian inheritance, Deviations from Mendelism: incomplete dominance, co-dominance, Multiple alleles, Pleiotropy, Chromosomal theory of inheritance, Elementary idea of polygenic inheritance, Chromosomes & genes,
Search for genetic material & DNA as genetic material: Structure of DNA & RNA, DNA packaging, DNA Replication (Semiconservative). Central dogma, Protein Biosynthesis: Transcription, translation, genetic code, Gene expression and regulation (lac-operon).
Unit-III: Biology and Human welfare
Plant breeding: Introduction, steps in plant breeding and application of plant breeding. and single cell protein, Biofortification.
Tissue culture: Cellular totipotency, technique and application of tissue culture sewage
Microbes in Human Welfare: In household food processing, industrial production, treatment, Production of energy (Biogas), biocontrol agent (Biopesticides) & Biofertilizers.
Genetically Modified organism- Bt crops
Biopiracy and patents.
Unit- IV: Ecology and Environment
Melaing of ecology, environment, habitat and niche: Organisms and environment.
Population and ecological adaptations: Population Interactions-mutualism, competition, predation, parasitism. Population attributes-growth, birth rate and death rate, age distribution.
Ecosystems: Patterns, Components, energy flow, nutrient cycling (carbon and phosphorus), decomposition and productivity. Pyramids of number, biomass, energy. Ecological succession. Ecological Services: Carbon fixation, Pollination, Oxygen release.
Biodiversity and its conservation: Threats to, and need for biodiversity conservation. Hotspots, endangered organisms, extinction, Red Data Book. Biodiversity conservation-biosphere reserves, national parks and sanctuaries.
Environmental Issues: Air and water pollution and their control, solid waste management, agrochemicals and their effects, Radioactive waste management, Green house effect and global warming. Ozone depletion in stratosphere, Deforestation, Any three case studies as success stories addressing environmental issues.
SECTION B ZOOLOGY
Unit-I: Reproduction
Asexual Reproduction: Uniparental, modes: binary fission, sporulation, budding, gemmule, fragmentation, regeneration.
Human Reproduction: Male and female reproductive systems, Microscopic anatomy of testis & ovary: Gametogenesis (spermatogenesis & oogenesis. Menstrual cycle), Fertilization, embryo development upto blastocyst formation, implantation; Pregnancy and placenta formation (elementary idea), Parturition (elementary idea) and Lactation (elementary idea).
Reproductive Health: Need for reproductive health & prevention of Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD), Birth control- need & methods, Contraception and Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP), Amniocentesis, Infertility & assisted reproductive technologies: IVF, ZIFT, GIFT (Elementary idea for general awareness).
Unit-II: Genetics and Evolution
Sex determination in humans, birds and honeybee.
Inheritance pattern of Hemophilia and Color blindness in human beings.
Mendelian Disorders in humans: Chromosomal disorders in humans, Down's syndrome, Turner's & Klinefelter's syndromes.
Genome and Human Genome project.
DNA fingerprinting.
Origin of life: Theories & evidences with special reference to Darwin & Modern Synthetic theory of evolution, Hardy-Weinberg's principal. Adaptive radiation.
Origin and evolution of Man.
Unit-III: Biology and Human Welfare
Health and Disease: Basic concepts of immunology, vaccines; pathogens, parasites causing human diseases (Typhoid, Hepatitis, Malaria, Filariasis, Ascariasis, Common Cold, Amoebiasis, Ring Worm); Cancer, HIV and AIDS.
Insects & human welfare: Silk, honey, lac.
Adolescence, drug & alcohol abuse.
Poultry, Dairy Farming
Unit IV: Biotechnology and its Application
Genetic Engineering (Recombinant DNA technology), cloning
Application in health: Human insulin, vaccine production, gene theraphy
Biosafety issues.
PRACTICALS
Time 3 Hours
Marks 30 (External 20 & Internal 10)
Botany Based Practical: 15 Marks
Internal Assesment: 5 Marks
External Assesment: 10 Marks
Zoology Based Practical: 15 Marks
Internal Assesment: 5 Marks
External Assesment: 10 Marks
List of Experiments
1. Study pollen germination on a slide.
2 Collect and study soil from at least two different sites and study them for texture, moisture content, pH and water bolding capacity of soil. Correlat
...OFFICIAL J&K BOARD QUESTION PAPER DESIGN
Maximum Marks: 100
Theory Marks: 70
Practical Marks: 30
Time: 3 Hours
SECTION A BOTANY & SECTION B ZOOLOGY
| SECTION A BOTANY - 35 MARKS | |
UNITS | MARKS ALLOTED |
| Reproduction in flowering plants | 7 Marks |
| Genetics | 9 Marks |
| Biology & Human Welfare | 7 Marks |
| Ecology & Environment | 12 Marks |
| SECTION B ZOOLOGY - 35 MARKS | |
| Reproduction | 11 Marks |
| Genetics & Evolution | 12 Marks |
| Biology & Human Welfare | 7 Marks |
| Biotechnology & Its Application | 5 Marks |
Conditions of eligibility for admission to class XII-
1. Candidates who have been studying in a School recognised by or affiliated to this Board or any other recognised Board of Secondary Education in India.
2. Candidates can not take admission directly in class XII.
3. Candidates had completed a regular course of study for class XI and passed class XI examination from a school affilicated to this Board.
4. The candidates percentage for attendance should be 75% so that the Board to make him/her eligible for the Examinations.
5. Candidate can be admitted to a school only on the transfer of the parents(s) or shifting of their families from one place to another, after procuring from the student the marksheet and the Transfer Certificate duly countersigned by the Educational Authorities of the Board concerned.
6. There is no age limit for candidates taking the Examination.
7. Candidate should have doucments in support of his having passed the qualifying or equivalent qualifying examination.
Official Schedule 2022
| Date & Day | Faculty of Science | Faculty of Arts | Faculty of Home Science | Faculty of Commerce | Time |
| 25-03-2022 (Friday) | (Vocational) IT & ITES/ Retail Healthcare/ Tourism/ Security/ Media and Entertainment/ Beauty and Wellness/ Physical Education and Sports/ Telecomm. | (Vocational) IT & ITES/ Retail Healthcare/ Tourism/ Security/ Media and Entertainment/ Beauty and Wellness/ Physical Education and Sports/ Telecomm. | (Vocational) IT & ITES/ Retail Healthcare/ Tourism/ Security/ Media and Entertainment/ Beauty and Wellness/ Physical Education and Sports/ Telecomm. | (Vocational) IT & ITES/ Retail Healthcare/ Tourism/ Security/ Media and Entertainment/ Beauty and Wellness/ Physical Education and Sports/ Telecomm. | 11:00 A.M |
| 28-03-2022 (Monday) | Geography | Geography/ Psychology/ Music/ Philosophy/ Education | _ | _ | 11:00 A.M |
| 31-03-2022 (Thursday) | General English | General English | General English | General English | 11:00 A.M |
| 04-04-2022 (Monday) | Physics | Home Science (Elective) History/ Public Administration | Human Development | Business Mathematics Public Administration | 11:00 A.M |
| 08-04-2022 (Friday) | Computer Science/ Information Practices/ Environmental Science/ Functional English/ Physical Education/ Islamic Studies/ Vedic Studies/ Electronics Buddhist Studies | Computer Science/ Information Practices/ Environmental Science/ Functional English/ Physical Education/ Islamic Studies/ Vedic Studies/ Electronics Buddhist Studies/ Travel, Tourism and Hotel Management/ English Literature | Computer Science/ Information Practices/ Environmental Science/ Functional English/ Physical Education/ Islamic Studies/ Vedic Studies/ Electronics Buddhist Studies/ Travel, Tourism and Hotel Management | Computer Science/ Information Practices/ Environmental Science/ Functional English/ Physical Education/ Islamic Studies/ Vedic Studies/ Electronics Buddhist Studies/ Travel, Tourism and Hotel Management | 11:00 A.M |
| 12-04-2022 (Tuesday) | Biology (Botany & Zoology)/ Statistics | Political Science Statistics | _ | Accountancy | 11:00 A.M |
| 18-04-2022 (Monday) | Chemistry | Arabic/ Persian/ Sanskrit/ Economics | Clothing for the Family | Entrepreneurship Economics | 11:00 A.M |
| 06-05-2022 (Friday) | Mathematics/ Applied Mathematics | Mathematics/ Applied Mathematics/ Sociology | Extension Education | _ | 11:00 A.M |
| 09-05-2022 (Monday) | Geology/ Biotechnology/ Microbiology/ Biochemistry | Urdu/ Hindi/ Kashmiri Dogri/ Punjabi/ Bhoti |
Analysis of 2021 Botony Question paper
Paper Code - A-3-A
1. There are total 14 questions in this part.
2. This question paper is divided into four sections: Section A, Section B, Section C and Section D.
3. All sections are compulsory. Solve all the parts of a question together.
4. Section A is based on Objective Type Questions. Total 4 questions is in this section. All question carries 1 marks each.
5. Section B is based on Very Short Answer Type Questions. Total 3 questions is in this section. All question carries 2 marks each.
6. Section C is based on Short Answer Type Questions. Total 5 questions is in this section. All question carries 3 marks each.
7. Section D is based on Long Answer Type Questions. Total 2 questions is in this section. All question carries 5 marks each.
And
There are no overall choices in this paper, yet internal choice is given in Question 7 of section B, Question 12 of Section C and Question 13 & 14 of Section D. Out of such questions you have to attempt only one question from the given selection.
Note
1. Difficulty Level of Biology Paper: Moderate.
2. All the questions in the paper were from the latest syllabus and based on NCERT textbooks
3. Average range of marks required was 25 (out of 35.)
1. There are total 14 questions in this part.
2. This question paper is divided into four sections: Section A, Section B, Section C and Section D.
3. All sections are compulsory. Solve all the parts of a question together.
4. Section A is based on Objective Type Questions. Total 4 questions is in this section. All question carries 1 marks each.
5. Section B is based on Very Short Answer Type Questions. Total 3 questions is in this section. All question carries 2 marks each.
6. Section C is based on Short Answer Type Questions. Total 5 questions is in this section. All question carries 3 marks each.
7. Section D is based on Long Answer Type Questions. Total 2 questions is in this section. All question carries 5 marks each.
8. There are no overall choices in this paper, yet internal choice is given in Question 7 of section B, Question 12 of Section C and Question 13 & 14 of Section D.
9. Out of such questions you have to attempt only one question from the given selection.
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