S.NO | CHAPTERS NAME | TOPICS COVERED |
1 | Crop production and management | Agricultural Practices, Basic Practices Involved in crop production, Preparation of soil, Sowing, Manuring and adding fertilizers, irrigation, protection from weeds, harvesting storage, food from animals |
2 | Microorganisms: Friend and Foe | Microorganisms, major groups of microorganisms, their living place, microorganisms and us, Food Preservation, Nitrogen Fixation |
3 | Synthetic fibers and plastics | Natural fibers synthetic fibers, types of synthetic fibers, characteristics of synthetic fibers, plastics, types of plastics, plastics as a material of choice, plastics and the environment |
4 | Materials metals and non-metals | Physical properties of metals and non-metals chemical properties of metals and non-metals, reaction with oxygen, with water with acids, with bases, displacement reaction, uses of metals and non-metals |
5 | Coal and petroleum | Inexhaustible natural resources, exhaustible natural resources, coal and petroleum, and natural gas, some natural resources are limited so need their conservation |
6 | Combustion and flame | Combustion, how do we control fire? Types of combustion, flame, and structure of flame, Fuel, and fuel efficiency |
7 | Conservation of plants and animals |
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8 | Cell structure and function | Discovery of a cell, organisms, variation in cell shape and size cell structure and function. Parts of the cell comparison of plant and animal cell |
9 | Reproduction in animals | Modes of reproduction, sexual reproduction, male reproductive organs, female reproductive organs, and fertilization. Development of embryo, viviparous and oviparous animals. From young to adults, asexual reproduction by budding and binary fission |
10 | Reaching the age of adolescence |
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11 | Force and pressure | Force – a push or a pull, forces are due to interaction, exploring forces. A force can change the state, shape, direction, and speed of an object; contact forces, non-contact forces, pressure, the pressure exerted by liquids and gases; Atmospheric pressure |
12 | Friction | The force of friction, factors affecting friction, Friction: a necessary evil, increasing and decreasing friction, wheels reduce friction, fluid friction |
13 | Sound |
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14 | Chemical effects of electric current | Do liquids conduct electricity? Chemical effects of electric currents. Electroplating and its uses, good conductors and bad conductors |
15 | Some natural phenomena |
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16 | Light | Laws of reflection, regular and diffused reflection, multiple reflections, multiple images, sunlight, white or colored, human eye structure and function, care of eyes, visually challenged persons can read and write – Braille system |
17 | Stars and solar systems |
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18 | Pollution of air and water | Air pollution, how does air get polluted? Case study: Taj Mahal, what can be done to reduce global warming? Ozone depletion. Water pollution, how does water get polluted? What can be done to reduce water pollution |