Official Syllabus

The syllabus consists of five themes

(i) Introduction to Chemistry

(ii) Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures

(iii) Matter

(iv) Water

(v) Air and Atmosphere.

Theme 1: Introduction to Chemistry

(i) Chemistry - meaning and importance.

(ii) Development of Chemistry - A historical perspective.

(iii) Notable chemists/scientists and their contributions to Chemistry (at least 3 scientists).

(iv) Food and Chemistry.

(v) Cosmetics and Chemistry.

(vi) Clothing and Chemistry.

(vii) Chemicals as Medicines.

(viii) Chemicals in Industries.

Theme 2: Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures

Element (a substance made up of identical atoms).

(i) Use of symbols as shorthand notations of writing names of elements.

(ii) Origin of symbols of elements.

(iii) Names and symbols of the first 20 elements.

(iv) Molecules of elements contain atoms of the same element (O₂, N₂, H₂).

Compound (two or more than two elements combine in fixed definite proportions to form a compound. Original properties of the constituent elements are lost and a substance with new properties is formed).

(i) Molecules of compounds contain atoms of different elements. (H₂O, CO₂ , NO₂ , CaO, ZnCl₂ ).

Mixture (components of more than one substance combine in any proportion, and original properties of the components are retained).

Difference between mixtures and compounds (on the basis of the proportion of combination of components and their properties).

Separation techniques of mixtures into their components

(i) Sieving

(ii) Sedimentation

(iii) Decantation

(iv) Filtration

(v) Evaporation

(vi) Magnetic Separation

(vii) Sublimation

Theme 3: Matter

States of Matter

(i) Classification of matter into solid, liquid, and gas on the basis of properties (shape, volume). Factors responsible for the existence of matter in different states.

(ii) Arrangement of atoms/ molecules in solids, liquids, and gases: - intermolecular space, cohesive forces).

(iii) There is space between the particles of matter.

(iv) Effect of heat on the matter (expansion, change of state, and chemical change)

Theme 4: Water

(i) Importance of water in everyday life (household purposes, industry, watering plants, etc.).

(ii) Water resources (well, river, hand pump, lakes, pond, etc.).

(iii) Capacity to dissolve many salts in it.

(iv) Definition of Solute, Solvent, and Solution.

(v) Importance of water for sustenance of life on earth.

(vi) Reasons for water pollution; its prevention; conservation of water.

Theme 5: Air and Atmosphere

(i) Air is present everywhere around us.

(ii) Air - a mixture of gases namely, nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water vapor; dust and smoke as pollutants.

(iii) Percentage composition of air.

(iv) Uses of the components present (importance of nitrogen to plants to be mentioned).

(v) Definition of atmosphere as the layer of air around the earth.

For more information:- Click here