ISC EXAM CLASS 12TH LATEST UPDATE

Finally, wait is over and The Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations (CISCE) has officially released the date sheet for ISC (Class 12) board examinations for 2025. This year class 12th board exam will be started from 13 February 2025 and will last upto 05 April 2025, it will take around 52 days to complete the class 12th board exam. The first exam will be held on 13 February 2025 for Environmental Science subject and the last exam will be held on 05 April 2025 for Art subject. The Indian School Certificate Examination results will be declared in the month of May.

Official Syllabus

There will be two papers on the subject :

Paper I - Theory : 3 hours ……80 marks

Paper II - Project Work……20 marks

PAPER - I (THEORY) – 80 Marks

Part I (20 marks) will consist of compulsory short answer questions testing knowledge, application, and skills relating to elementary/fundamental aspects of the entire syllabus.

Part II (60 marks) will consist of eight questions out of which candidates will be required to answer five questions, each carrying 12 marks.

1. Business Environment

Concept, and importance of Business Environment.

Meaning, features, and importance of Business Environment;

Dimensions of Business Environment – Micro (Internal and External factors) and Macro (Economic, social, technological, political, and legal) – meaning and components.

S.W.O.T. Analysis - A basic understanding of S.W.O.T. (Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, and Threat) Analysis.

2. Financing

(i) Capital: Sources of finance for a sole trader; partnership; Joint Stock Company; financial planning.

Importance of finance for business. Sources of finance for different types of business firms. Meaning, features, and importance of financial planning. Fixed capital - meaning, factors affecting fixed capital. Working capital – meaning, types; factors affecting working capital. Comparison between fixed and working capital.

(ii) Sources of finance for a Joint Stock Company.

(a) Different types of shares: equity, preference. Bonus shares, rights issue, ESOP, Sweat Equity Shares, Retained earnings.

Long-term sources of funds.

Equity shares - features, advantages, and disadvantages.

Preference shares - features, types advantages, and disadvantages; the distinction between equity shares and preference shares.

Bonus and rights issue, ESOP and Sweat Equity Shares - meaning.

Retained earnings – meaning.

(b) Loan capital: debentures.

Debentures – meaning; kinds of debentures; advantages and disadvantages of debentures. The Distinction between shares and debentures.

(c) Loans from commercial banks and Financial Institutions.

Loans from commercial banks and Financial Institutions - meaning, advantages and disadvantages.

(d) Short-term sources of funds.

Short-term sources of funds – different types of short-term financial assistance by Commercial Banks; public deposits, trade credit, customer advances, factoring, Inter-corporate deposits, and installment credit. Meaning of various sources of funds.

(iii) Banking - latest trends.

Online services - transfer of funds through Real Time Gross Settlement (RTGS), National Electronic Funds Transfer (NEFT), issue of demand drafts online meaning and features.
Online payments, e-Banking – meaning and features, advantages and disadvantages. Mobile Banking - SMS alerts, transfer of funds, making payments - advantages and disadvantages.

Debit Cards vs Credit Cards, ATM (Automated Teller Machine) – Meaning; Debit card and credit card: features and differences.

3. Management

(i) Management: Meaning, objectives, and characteristics of management.

Meaning of Management: as an activity; as a group; as a discipline; as a process. Objectives and characteristics of management.

(ii) Nature of Management – Science, Art, and Profession.

Self-explanatory.

(iii) Importance of Management.

Self-explanatory.

(iv) Principles of Management: nature of principles; the need for principles.

Nature of principles of Management; the need for principles of management; Taylor’s 5 scientific principles of Management; Fayol’s 14 principles of Management.

(v) Functions of Management: Planning; Organising; Staffing; Directing; Controlling and Coordinating.

(a) Planning:

Meaning, steps, importance & limitation; Types of plans; Objectives, policy, procedures, method, role, budget, program – meaning.

(b) Organising:

Meaning, importance, steps; Structure of organization: line, line, and staff, functional and divisional; Formal and informal organization (meaning of each); Meaning and importance of delegation of authority; Decentralization v/s Centralization.

(c) Staffing:

Meaning, steps, and importance; Recruitment – Meaning and sources; Selection – Meaning and procedure; Training and development – Meaning, the difference between selection and recruitment.

(d) Directing:

Meaning and

ISC EXAM CLASS 12TH LATEST UPDATE

Finally, wait is over and The Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations (CISCE) has officially released the date sheet for ISC (Class 12) board examinations for 2025. This year class 12th board exam will be started from 13 February 2025 and will last upto 05 April 2025, it will take around 52 days to complete the class 12th board exam. The first exam will be held on 13 February 2025 for Environmental Science subject and the last exam will be held on 05 April 2025 for Art subject. The Indian School Certificate Examination results will be declared in the month of May.

Official Syllabus

There will be two papers on the subject :

Paper I - Theory : 3 hours ……80 marks

Paper II - Project Work……20 marks

PAPER - I (THEORY) – 80 Marks

Part I (20 marks) will consist of compulsory short answer questions testing knowledge, application, and skills relating to elementary/fundamental aspects of the entire syllabus.

Part II (60 marks) will consist of eight questions out of which candidates will be required to answer five questions, each carrying 12 marks.

1. Business Environment

Concept, and importance of Business Environment.

Meaning, features, and importance of Business Environment;

Dimensions of Business Environment – Micro (Internal and External factors) and Macro (Economic, social, technological, political, and legal) – meaning and components.

S.W.O.T. Analysis - A basic understanding of S.W.O.T. (Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, and Threat) Analysis.

2. Financing

(i) Capital: Sources of finance for a sole trader; partnership; Joint Stock Company; financial planning.

Importance of finance for business. Sources of finance for different types of business firms. Meaning, features, and importance of financial planning. Fixed capital - meaning, factors affecting fixed capital. Working capital – meaning, types; factors affecting working capital. Comparison between fixed and working capital.

(ii) Sources of finance for a Joint Stock Company.

(a) Different types of shares: equity, preference. Bonus shares, rights issue, ESOP, Sweat Equity Shares, Retained earnings.

Long-term sources of funds.

Equity shares - features, advantages, and disadvantages.

Preference shares - features, types advantages, and disadvantages; the distinction between equity shares and preference shares.

Bonus and rights issue, ESOP and Sweat Equity Shares - meaning.

Retained earnings – meaning.

(b) Loan capital: debentures.

Debentures – meaning; kinds of debentures; advantages and disadvantages of debentures. The Distinction between shares and debentures.

(c) Loans from commercial banks and Financial Institutions.

Loans from commercial banks and Financial Institutions - meaning, advantages and disadvantages.

(d) Short-term sources of funds.

Short-term sources of funds – different types of short-term financial assistance by Commercial Banks; public deposits, trade credit, customer advances, factoring, Inter-corporate deposits, and installment credit. Meaning of various sources of funds.

(iii) Banking - latest trends.

Online services - transfer of funds through Real Time Gross Settlement (RTGS), National Electronic Funds Transfer (NEFT), issue of demand drafts online meaning and features.
Online payments, e-Banking – meaning and features, advantages and disadvantages. Mobile Banking - SMS alerts, transfer of funds, making payments - advantages and disadvantages.

Debit Cards vs Credit Cards, ATM (Automated Teller Machine) – Meaning; Debit card and credit card: features and differences.

3. Management

(i) Management: Meaning, objectives, and characteristics of management.

Meaning of Management: as an activity; as a group; as a discipline; as a process. Objectives and characteristics of management.

(ii) Nature of Management – Science, Art, and Profession.

Self-explanatory.

(iii) Importance of Management.

Self-explanatory.

(iv) Principles of Management: nature of principles; the need for principles.

Nature of principles of Management; the need for principles of management; Taylor’s 5 scientific principles of Management; Fayol’s 14 principles of Management.

(v) Functions of Management: Planning; Organising; Staffing; Directing; Controlling and Coordinating.

(a) Planning:

Meaning, steps, importance & limitation; Types of plans; Objectives, policy, procedures, method, role, budget, program – meaning.

(b) Organising:

Meaning, importance, steps; Structure of organization: line, line, and staff, functional and divisional; Formal and informal organization (meaning of each); Meaning and importance of delegation of authority; Decentralization v/s Centralization.

(c) Staffing:

Meaning, steps, and importance; Recruitment – Meaning and sources; Selection – Meaning and procedure; Training and development – Meaning, the difference between selection and recruitment.

(d) Directing:

Meaning and importance; Supervision-Meaning, functions, and span of control; Motivation-Meaning and Maslow’s theory; Leadership-Meaning and qualities of a good leader;
Communication-Meaning, objectives, and process. Barriers to communication and overcoming barriers to communication.

(e) Controlling: 

Meaning, steps, and importance; Management by Exception.

(f) Coordination:

Meaning of Coordination; Coordination is an essence of Management.

4. Marketing

(i) Marketing: concept and functions.

Meaning and types of markets; meaning and features of marketing. Comparison between marketing and selling. Objectives and importance of marketing; functions of marketing–meaning, features of each function of marketing.

(ii) Marketing Mix - Meaning and Elements.

Product Mix - goods and services-meaning, features and types of goods; meaning, features of the services; the difference between product and services. Branding: meaning and merits. Labeling: meaning and merits. Packaging: meaning and features of good packaging.

Price Mix – meaning, factors determining price.

Place Mix – meaning, the channel of distribution choice of channels of distribution and physical distribution.

Promotion Mix – Meaning and elements. 

Elements – Advertising, sales promotion, personal selling, and publicity – meaning, features, objectives, and differences.

(iii) Consumer protection: rights of consumers, methods of consumer protection.

Need for consumer protection; rights of consumers; methods of consumer protection – self-help, legislative measures, and consumer associations/NGOs, Consumer Protection Act,1986.

PAPER II – PROJECT WORK – 20 Marks 

Candidates will be expected to have completed two projects from any topic covered in Theory.

The project work will be assessed by the teacher and a Visiting Examiner appointed locally and approved by the Council.

Mark allocation for each Project [10 marks] :

A list of suggested Projects is given below:

1. Compare marketing strategies adopted by two different companies of the same industry (FMCG / Telecommunication/media /education industry etc.) keeping in mind the following:

- Product mix
- Price Mix
- Place Mix
- Promotion Mix

2. Collect newspaper/magazine clippings of five cases filed by consumers in the Consumer Court.

Find out the rights violated, and the redressal mechanism used.

What was the outcome of each case?

3. Visit a commercial Bank.  Find out the procedure to open a savings account.

Find out the details of various Agency & General utility services provided by the bank.

4. Compare the interest rates offered by five different commercial banks on fixed deposits under various categories (general and senior citizens) and various time durations.

Find out the procedure and formalities for opening a fixed deposit account.

What is the procedure for closing the account on maturity and before the maturity period?

5. Select five different companies across varying industries such as I.T., textiles, FMCG, Health Care, etc., included in the SENSEX. Keeping hypothetical base money of Rupees One Lakh, invest in the shares of the selected companies. The movement of share prices selected by you should be monitored over a period of one month on a daily basis.  A uniform / standard practice of either using the opening price or the closing price on a particular day of the week should be used by all students in the class.

At the end of the month,  analyse your investment in a spreadsheet and give reasons for your choice of scripts.

6. Find out the names of companies under various sectors (FMCG, Pharma, automobile, etc) included in the NIFTY and the SENSEX.

Make a chart of the same and track its movements over a period of one week.

7. (a) Study the sources of recruitment and steps involved in the selection procedure adopted by two companies of the same industry.

    (b) Compare and evaluate the sources of recruitment and the selection process adopted by the selected companies.

8. Formulate a capital plan for a hypothetical business organization.

Justify your formulated plan.

9. Choose two companies for the same industry. Study their organizational structure. Also give information with regard to:

(i) Hierarchy

(ii) Centralization and delegation of authority

(iii) Flow of information (scalar chain)

(iv) Span of control (v) Channel of communication.

10. Select any business undertaking. Study the selected business in terms of ownership, capital and profitability.

Make a S.W.O.T. analysis and present it in a tabular form.

NOTE: No question paper for Practical work will be set by the Council.

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