Entry Level Qualification 

12

Career Fields 

Medical Services

For Specially Abled 

Career Entrance Exam 

NEET PG, NEET SS

About Career 

1. As a medical surgeon you will be a qualified physician who will diagnose human diseases and perform surgeries for cure and prevention of the diseases and ailments which require surgical treatment.

2. There are different specialities and super specialities of surgeons and based on your speciality, you will perform surgery on a particular diseased part or organ of the human body. Before surgery, you will review the history of the patient, carry out diagnostic procedures, find out about any allergies, and determine if the patient can be treated with surgery in the present condition. If the condition is not suitable for surgery, you will wait for the patient to reach a suitable condition before performing the surgery. As a surgeon, you will work with a team of other surgeons, anesthesiologists, nurses, etc. to perform surgery on the patient. You will also prescribe medicines, wellness exercises, eating habits, etc. to the patient for a speedy recovery.

3. As a medical surgeon, you will perform surgery on the patients as per the standard surgical procedures for a particular disease or ailment; in case of critical issues, you may refer the patients to other specialists.

Key roles and responsibilities

As a Medical Surgeon, you will have different roles and responsibilities based on your speciality and super speciality. Following is the list of a few roles and responsibilities across the specialities:

1. You will design and prescribe preoperative treatments and procedures, including medicines, diet, antibiotics, preparation, etc.

2. You will always follow only the established surgical techniques during the operation.

3. You will examine the patient to obtain information on medical conditions and surgical risks. You will share the same in an honest way to the patient's relatives or patients. If the patient is booked or protected under the law, then you will inform the same to the law agencies like the police.

4. As your major role, you will operate on patients to correct deformities, repair injuries, prevent and treat diseases, or improve or restore patients' functions.

5. Before going for the surgeries or treatment, you will analyse a patient's medical history, medication allergies, physical condition, etc.

6. If the patient has any medical history or allergies, you will wait and treat them first and then operate. You will also find the best procedure to operate under such allergies or history if the operation is necessary.

7.  Post operation or surgery, you will recommend and design the postoperative treatment.

8. Order and supervise nurses and other healthcare staff

9. You will keep track of the progress of the patient

10. You will address concerns or answer questions that patients have about their health and well-being

11. You will help patients with proper nutrition, hygiene, etc.

12. You will keep updated with new technologies and instruments related to treatment.

13. You will maintain cordial relations with other specialists and paramedics.

14. You will take care of their health by discussing topics such as proper nutrition and hygiene.

Career Entry Pathway 

Class 10 all subjects as per scheme of studies– Class 11-12 Physics, Chemistry and Biology along with any other subject as per scheme of studies – UG in Medicine & Surgery – PG in Surgery (M.S.) – Super Speciality (M.Ch.) - Fellowship

After Class 11-12 Physics, Chemistry and Biology along with any other subject as per scheme of studies, and then study for an undergraduate degree in Medicine & Surgery followed by a master’s degree in Surgery (M.S.). After a Master’s Degree, you can take a super specialty course in M.Ch. followed by a fellowship.

Class 10 all subjects as per scheme of studies – Class 11-12 Physics, Chemistry and Biology along with any other subject as per scheme of studies– UG in Medicine & Surgery – PG in Surgery (M.S.) – Super Speciality (M.Ch.)

After your Class 10 all subjects as per scheme of studies and after Class 11-12 Physics, Chemistry and Biology along with any other subject as per scheme of studies, then study for an undergraduate degree in Medicine & Surgery followed by a master’s degree in Surgery (M.S.). After a Master’s Degree, you can take a super speciality course in M.Ch.

Class 10 all subjects as per scheme of studies – Class 11-12 Physics, Chemistry and Biology along with any other subject as per scheme of studies– UG in Medicine & Surgery – Diplomate in Surgery (D.N.B.) – Super Speciality (M.Ch.) - Fellowship

After your Class 10 all subjects as per scheme of studies and after Class 11-12 Physics, Chemistry and Biology along with any other subject as per scheme of studies, and then study for an undergraduate degree in Medicine & Surgery followed by a Diplomate in Surgery (D.N.B.). After a Diplomate, you can take a super speciality course in M.Ch. followed by a fellowship.

Class 10 all subjects as per scheme of studies – Class 11-12 Physics, Chemistry and Biology along with any other subject as per scheme of studies– UG in Medicine & Surgery – Diplomate in Surgery (D.N.B.) – Super Specialty (M.Ch.)

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After your Class 10 all subjects as per scheme of studies and after Class 11-12 Physics, Chemistry and Biology along with any other subject as per scheme of studies, and then study for an undergraduate degree in Medicine & Surgery followed by a Diplomate in Surgery (D.N.B.). After a Diplomate, you can take a super speciality course in M.Ch.

Required Qualification & Competencies 

Undergraduate studies after school:

To become a Surgeon, you should complete your schooling with Physics, Chemistry and Biology and join for an undergraduate course of M.B.B.S.

Doctoral studies:

1. After finishing M.B.B.S. you can opt for M.S. You can specialise in General Surgery, Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, ENT, Gynaecology and Obstetrics (Surgery), Orthopaedic Surgery, Ophthalmic Surgery and Anatomy (Surgery).

2. Alternatively, you can also opt for D.N.B. You can specialise in General Surgery, Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, ENT, Gynaecology and Obstetrics (Surgery), Orthopaedic Surgery, Ophthalmic Surgery and Anatomy (Surgery).

3. After your M.S., you can prepare for FRCS (Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons, the UK) examination and complete the required residency (you have to work for a particular number of years as a Resident Surgeon in an MCI hospital to be eligible to sit for the FRCS examination; you may do the residency at hospitals in recognized UK also along with your studies for FRCS). FRCS is one of the highest and most coveted qualifications in surgery.

Post-Doctoral Studies:

1. After Completing M.S. or D.N.B., you can take a super speciality course known as M.Ch. You can Specialise in Arthroscopic Surgery, Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery, Endocrine Surgery, Gynecologic Oncology, Head and Neck Surgery, Neurosurgery, Paediatric Surgery, Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Surgical Oncology, Thoracic Surgery, Transplant Surgery, Trauma Surgery, Vascular Surgery.

2. You can further do a 2-year fellowship after M.Ch. to further specialise in a specific type of the surgery.

Competencies Requiured

You should have the following occupational interests:

1. Investigative - You should have interests for Investigative Occupations. Investigative occupations involve working with ideas and quite a lot of thinking, often abstract or conceptual thinking. These involve learning about facts and figures; involve the use of data analysis, assessment of situations, decision making and problem-solving.

2. Realistic - You should have interests for Realistic Occupations. Realistic occupations involve more practical and hands-on activities than paperwork or office work. Realistic occupations often involve physical activities for getting things done using various tools and equipment.

3. Social - You should have interests for Social Occupations. Social occupations involve helping or assisting others; these involve working with and communicating with people to provide various services; these may involve educating and advising others.

Following personality attributes are required:

1. You are always or mostly organized in your day-to-day life and activities.

2. You are always or mostly disciplined in your action and behaviour.

3. You are always practical or in most situations.

4. You are always or mostly care about your actions and behaviour.

5. You are always or mostly helpful to others.

6. You are always or mostly caring, supportive, sympathetic and kind to others.

You should have the following skills and knowledge:

1. Reading Comprehension - Skills in understanding written sentences and paragraphs in work related documents.

2. Critical Thinking - Skills in the analysis of complex situations, using logic and reasoning to understand the situations and take appropriate actions or make interpretations and inferences.

3. Problem Solving - Skills in analysis and understanding of problems, evaluating various options to solve the problems and using the best option to solve the problems.

4. Active Listening - Giving full attention to what other people are saying, understanding the points being made by others, asking questions, etc.

5. Judgement & decision making - Skills in considering the pros and cons of various decision alternatives; considering costs and benefits; taking appropriate and suitable decisions.

6. English Language - Knowledge about English grammar, words, spelling, sentence construction, using English to communicate with others, reading in English, etc.

7. Medicine - Knowledge of the science of diagnosis, treatment and prevention of human diseases, ailment, injuries and disorders. This includes understanding the symptoms, knowledge of the diagnostic processes, knowledge of the treatment procedures and medicines, and preventive healthcare measures.

8. Biological Science - Knowledge of plants and animals, their anatomical structure, cell structure, tissues, physiological functions, evolution, and all other related aspects.

9. Dentistry - Knowledge of the science of diagnosis, treatment and prevention of human diseases, ailment, injuries and disorders related to mouth and teeth. This includes understanding the symptoms, knowledge of the diagnostic processes, knowledge of the treatment procedures and medicines, and preventive healthcare measures.

​​​​​​​You should have the following aptitudes and abilities:

1. Inductive Reasoning - The ability to combine pieces of information from various sources, concepts, and theories to form general rules or conclusions. For example, analysing various events or situations to come out with a set of rules or conclusions.

2. Deductive Reasoning - The ability to apply general rules and common logic to specific problems to produce answers that are logical and make sense. For example, understanding the reasons behind an event or a situation using general rules and common logic.

3. Problem Sensitivity - The ability to tell when something is wrong or is likely to go wrong. It does not involve solving the problem, only recognising there is a problem.

4. Manual Dexterity - The ability to quickly move your hand, your hand together with your arm, or your two hands to grasp, manipulate, or assemble objects.

5. Finger Dexterity - The ability to make precisely coordinated movements of the fingers of one or both hands to grasp, manipulate, or assemble very small objects.

Career - Job Opportunities & Profiles 

1. After M.B.B.S., you can join a medical college like AIIMS, Railway hospitals, private hospitals, government hospitals etc.  as a junior resident doctor and continue your M.S. studies.

2. After your M.S., you can join a medical college as a senior resident and continue your M.Ch. studies.

3. After your M.Ch. Course, you can join as a fellow and complete your fellowship.

4. You can join hospitals, clinics, railway hospitals, emergency medical centres, cancer hospitals as Medical Officers (Surgery) after your M.S. or as a Consultant Surgeon after your M.Ch. / Fellowship.

5. You can join a military hospital at the rank of Captain.

6. You can also join a medical college at the rank of Assistant Professor.

Work Environment

You would be required to spend most of the time in the operation theatre. Surgeons have less office or clinic work as opposed to other physicians. Also, you would be operating on live human bodies. The sight of blood and gore should not disturb you. You will be sometime operating on critical cases, and thus you would be required to work while standing. You will have to coordinate extensively with other surgeons, nurses and health care specialists while operating. Though you will have regular work hours, critical operations might force you to work for long working hours. It could be tiring.

Specialisation Tracks In This Career

1. General Surgeon

General Surgeon is a surgeon who specialises in surgeries in the abdominal region of the body including oesophagus, stomach, small bowel, colon, liver, pancreas, gall bladder, appendix and bile ducts, and often the thyroid gland. They also deal with disease related to skin, trauma, breast, hernias and colonoscopy.

2. ENT Surgeon

ENT Surgeons specialise in surgeries, injuries and diseases in Ear, Nose, Throat and neck area around Ear, Nose and Throat. They also treat tumours and cancer in this region of the body.

3. Gynaecology and Obstetrics Surgeon

Gynaecology and Obstetrics Surgeons deal with surgeries, treatment, injuries around the female reproductive system like vagina, uterus and ovaries. They also perform surgeries related to pregnancy, childbirth, etc.

4. Orthopaedic Surgeon

Orthopaedic Surgeons are the ones who specialise in the musculoskeletal system of the body. Musculoskeletal includes bones and muscles that give movement to the human body like hand muscles and bones, backbone and muscles or muscles and bones in feet and legs. They deal with surgeries and treatments from musculoskeletal trauma, spine diseases, sports injuries, degenerative diseases, infections, tumours, and congenital disorders.

5. Ophthalmic Surgeon

Ophthalmic Surgeons are the one who specialises in eye injuries, operations and surgeries. They also perform laser surgeries if required. Cataract surgery is one common surgery that they perform.

6. Arthroscopic Surgeon

Arthroscopic Surgeons are super speciality surgeons who specialise in surgeries related to joints. They visualise, diagnose and treats a joint problem.

7. Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgeon

Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgeons are super speciality surgeons who specialise in surgeries in the thorax region. Thorax is the chest. So, they specialise in operations and surgeries related to Lungs, heart and arteries.

8. Endocrine Surgeon

Endocrine Surgeons are super speciality surgeons who specialise in the surgeries and treatment of Thyroid gland, adrenal gland, parathyroid gland and endocrine gland.

9. Plastic & Reconstructive Surgeon

Plastic & Reconstructive Surgeons are the super speciality surgeons who specialise in restoration, restoration, alteration of the human body. They either do this to improve the aesthetic look of the body (mostly for appearances) and for treatment of burns, hand surgery and craniofacial surgery (surgery of face, neck, nose, etc.).

10. Surgical Oncologist

Surgical Oncologists are the super speciality surgeons who specialise in the surgical management of tumours and cancer.

11. Vascular Surgeon

Vascular Surgeons are the super speciality Surgeons who specialise in medical therapy, surgeries of the vascular system, or arteries, veins and lymphatic circulation.

12. Neurosurgeon

Neurosurgeons carry out surgical procedures on the nervous systems of humans which include brain surgeries, spinal cord surgeries, etc.

13. Gastro-intestinal Surgeon

Gastrointestinal surgeons carry out surgery of the gastrointestinal systems of humans which include the oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver, bile duct, etc.

14. Genito-Urinary Surgeon

Geniot-urinary surgeons, often referred to as Urosurgeons, carry out surgeries of the genio-urinary system of humans which include genitals, genito-urinary systems, kidneys, etc.

Career Growth

1. The career growth in university and college started as an Assistant Professor and then as Associate Professor, Professor and Professor Emeritus. Professors can also get administrative positions such as Director/Dean/Vice Chancellor, etc

2. If you are hired as a junior resident, then you will move to senior resident and then you can choose to be a fellow or join any hospital as a Medical officer (Surgeon) or Consultant Surgeon.

3. If you Join as a Medical Surgeon, then you will go on to become Deputy Medical Superintendent and then Additional Medical Superintendent and then Medical Superintendent. You might also become the director of the Hospital.

4. If you join Army hospitals, then you will move up as per the army ranks starting from Captain (and its equivalent in the Navy and Air Force).

Salary Offered  

At the entry level, if you join as a Consultant Surgeon, you will be earning anything between Rs. 90,000 to 1, 10,000 per month. If you join as an Associate Professor, you would be earning anything between Rs. 90,000 to 1, 10,000. If you join as a Medical Officer (Surgeon) in the hospital, then you would be earning anything between Rs. 80,000 to 1, 10,000 per month.

At Experienced Surgeons may look forward to earning anything between Rs. 2, 40,000 to Rs. 5, 00,000 or even more per month. However, Super Specialist Surgeons earn much more than Rs. 10, 00,000 per month.

Monthly Earning In Indian Rupee

 

1 .Entry level: 0 - 2 years of work experience

2. Junior Level: From 1 to 12 years of work experience

3. Mid-Level: From 5 to 20+ years of work experience

4. Senior Level: From 10 to 25+ years of work experience (there could be exceptions in some high-end technical, financial, engineering, creative, management, sports, and other careers; also in the near future, people will reach these levels much faster in many careers and in some careers, these levels will have no meaning as those careers will be completely tech skill driven such as even now, there is almost no level in a Cyber Security Expert’s job)

Famous Personalities 

Not Available 

Work Activities 

As a Surgeon, you might be involved with different kinds of surgeries and treatments involving the following work activities:

1. Assisting & caring for people - Assisting people in availing of services; taking care of people in different situations; offering help and services to others.

2. Decision making & problem solving - Analysis of data and information; evaluation of alternative decisions and results of decisions; taking the right decisions and solving problems.

3. Updating & using relevant knowledge - Keeping updated with the latest knowledge relevant to your fields of work and use of the relevant knowledge in getting things done.

4. Analysis and interpretation of data and information - Analysis of data and information to find facts, trends, reasons behind situations, etc.; interpretation of data to aid in decision-making.